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mon, Version 2.2 |
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A command-driven file monitor |
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cxmon, Version 3.1 |
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A command-line file manipulation tool and disassembler |
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Copyright (C) 1997-1999 Christian Bauer, Marc Hellwig |
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Freely distributable |
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Copyright (C) 1997-2003 Christian Bauer, Marc Hellwig |
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GNU binutils disassemblers Copyright (C) 1988, 89, 91, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 1998 |
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Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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License |
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------- |
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mon is available under the terms of the GNU General Public License. See the |
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cxmon is available under the terms of the GNU General Public License. See the |
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file "COPYING" that is included in the distribution for details. |
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Overview |
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-------- |
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"mon" is an interactive command-driven file manipulation tool that is inspired |
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by the "Amiga Monitor" by Timo Rossi <trossi@jyu.fi>. It has commands and |
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features similar to a machine code monitor/debugger, but it is not intended |
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to be used for debugging. It doesn't operate on physical or virtual RAM |
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locations of a process but rather on a fixed-size (but adjustable) buffer with |
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adresses starting at 0. Also, there are no commands to trace code, set |
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breakpoints etc. There are, however, built-in PowerPC, 680x0, 6502 and 8080 |
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disassemblers. |
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cxmon is an interactive command-driven file manipulation tool that is |
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inspired by the "Amiga Monitor" by Timo Rossi. It has commands and features |
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similar to a machine code monitor/debugger, but it lacks any functions for |
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running/tracing code. There are, however, built-in PowerPC, 680x0, 80x86, |
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x86-64, 6502 and Z80 disassemblers and special support for disassembling |
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MacOS code. By default, cxmon operates on a fixed-size (but adjustable) |
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memory buffer with adresses starting at 0. |
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Installation |
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Usage |
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----- |
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mon can be started from the Shell or from the Tracker (BeOS), but command line |
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history doesn't work when started from the Tracker). If you give no command |
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line arguments, mon enters interactive mode. Otherwise, all arguments are |
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interpreted and executed as mon commands. The default buffer size is 1MB. |
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The mon command prompt looks like this: |
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cxmon can be started from the Shell or from the Tracker (BeOS), but command |
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line history doesn't work when started from the Tracker. |
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Options: |
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-m enables symbolic MacOS A-Trap and low memory globals display in the |
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680x0 disassembler |
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-r makes cxmon operate in real (virtual) memory space instead of an |
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allocated buffer |
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If no additional command line arguments are given, cxmon enters interactive |
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mode. Otherwise, all remaining arguments are interpreted and executed as cxmon |
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commands. |
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The default buffer size is 1MB. |
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The cxmon command prompt looks like this: |
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[00000000]-> |
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Commands that create a longer output can be interrupted with Ctrl-C. |
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To quit mon, enter the command "x". |
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To quit cxmon, enter the command "x". |
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Constants, variables and expressions |
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combinations of digits and letters (they may also start with a digit) that |
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are not also valid hexadecimal numbers. Names are case-sensitive. |
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mon accepts expressions in all places where you have to specify a number. The |
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following operators are available and have the same meaning and precedence as |
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in the C programming language: |
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cxmon accepts expressions in all places where you have to specify a number. |
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The following operators are available and have the same meaning and |
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precedence as in the C programming language: |
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~ complement |
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+ unary plus |
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The buffer |
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---------- |
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Those mon commands that operate on "memory" operate on a buffer allocated by |
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mon whose size is adjustable with the "@" command. The default buffer size is |
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1MB. The buffer is an array of bytes where each byte has a 32-bit integer |
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address. Addresses start at 0 and are taken modulo the buffer size (i.e. for |
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the default 1MB buffer, addresses 0 and 100000 refer to the same byte). |
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Those cxmon commands that operate on "memory" operate on a buffer allocated |
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by cxmon whose size is adjustable with the "@" command. The default buffer |
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size is 1MB. The buffer is an array of bytes where each byte has a 32-bit |
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integer address. Addresses start at 0 and are taken modulo the buffer size |
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(i.e. for the default 1MB buffer, addresses 0 and 100000 refer to the same |
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byte). |
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The buffer is the working area of mon where you load files into, manipulate |
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The buffer is the working area of cxmon where you load files into, manipulate |
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them, and write files back from. Arbitraty portions of the buffer may be used |
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as scratch space. |
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Commands |
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-------- |
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The following commands are available in mon ('[]' marks a parameter than can be |
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left out): |
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The following commands are available in cxmon ('[]' marks a parameter than |
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can be left out): |
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x Quit mon |
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x Quit cxmon |
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quits mon and returns to the shell. |
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quits cxmon and returns to the shell. |
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h Show help text |
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ver Show version |
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shows the version number of mon. |
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shows the version number of cxmon. |
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? expression Calculate expression |
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of "." is set to the address after the last address displayed. |
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b [start [end]] Binary memory dump |
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displays the buffer contents from address "start" to address "end" in a binary |
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format. Entering "b" without arguments is equivalent to "b .". The value of |
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"." is set to the address after the last address displayed. |
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m [start [end]] Hex/ASCII memory dump |
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displays the buffer contents from address "start" to address "end" as hex |
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set to the address after the last address displayed. |
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d65 [start [end]] Disassemble 6502 code |
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d65 [start [end]] Disassemble 6502 code |
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disassembles the buffer contents from address "start" to address "end". |
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Entering "d65" without arguments is equivalent to "d65 .". The value of |
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"." is set to the address after the last address displayed. |
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d68 [start [end]] Disassemble 680x0 code |
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d68 [start [end]] Disassemble 680x0 code |
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disassembles the buffer contents from address "start" to address "end". |
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Entering "d68" without arguments is equivalent to "d68 .". The value of |
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"." is set to the address after the last address displayed. |
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d80 [start [end]] Disassemble 8080 code |
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d80 [start [end]] Disassemble Z80 code |
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disassembles the buffer contents from address "start" to address "end". |
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Entering "d80" without arguments is equivalent to "d80 .". The value of |
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"." is set to the address after the last address displayed. |
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d86 [start [end]] Disassemble 80x86 code (very incomplete) |
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d86 [start [end]] Disassemble 80x86 (32-bit) code |
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disassembles the buffer contents from address "start" to address "end". |
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Entering "d86" without arguments is equivalent to "d86 .". The value of |
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"." is set to the address after the last address displayed. |
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d8086 [start [end]] Disassemble 80x86 (16-bit) code |
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disassembles the buffer contents from address "start" to address "end". |
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Entering "d8086" without arguments is equivalent to "d8086 .". The value |
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of "." is set to the address after the last address displayed. |
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d8664 [start [end]] Disassemble x86-64 code |
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disassembles the buffer contents from address "start" to address "end". |
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Entering "d8086" without arguments is equivalent to "d8086 .". The value |
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of "." is set to the address after the last address displayed. |
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: start string Modify memory |
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puts the specified byte string at the address "start" into the buffer. The |
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clears all currently defined variables. |
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rmon |
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---- |
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When mon is started as "rmon", it enters "real mode". That is, all memory |
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related functions no longer operate on the buffer but on "real" (virtual) |
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memory. Unless you are writing Mac emulators, this is probably of not much |
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use. :-) |
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Examples |
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-------- |
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Here are some simple examples for what is possible with mon. |
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Here are some simple examples for what is possible with cxmon. |
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Join "file1" and "file2" to "file3": |
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[ 0 "file" |
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] 18 .-18 "file" |
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Load the mon executable and search for PowerPC "nop" commands: |
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Load the cxmon executable and search for PowerPC "nop" commands: |
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[ 0 "mon" |
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[ 0 "cxmon" |
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h 0 . 60,00,00,00 |
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Create a modified version of mon so that the prompt has " $" instead of "->": |
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Create a modified version of cxmon so that the prompt has " $" instead of |
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"->": |
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[ 0 "mon" |
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[ 0 "cxmon" |
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set size=. |
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h 0 . "->" |
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: . " $" |
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] 0 size "mon1" |
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] 0 size "cxmon1" |
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Convert a binary file which contains 16-bit numbers in little-endian format |
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to big-endian format (or vice-versa): |
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d 100 |
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Using cxmon in your own programs |
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-------------------------------- |
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cxmon provides a simple interface for integration in other programs. It can, |
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for example, be used as a monitor/debugger for an emulator (it is used in |
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Basilisk II in this way). |
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Here's how to do it (all functions are defined in the mon.h header file): |
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1. Link all the cxmon object files, except main.o, to your program. |
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2. In your program, call mon_init() before using any other cxmon functions. |
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3. After calling mon_init(), set the mon_read_byte and mon_write_byte |
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function pointers to the routines used for accessing memory. |
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4. You can use mon_add_command() to add new commands to cxmon by specifying |
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the command name, function and help text. From within your command |
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function, you can use mon_get_token() and mon_expression() to parse the |
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arguments and the mon_read/write_*() functions to access memory. |
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5. To enter cxmon, call the mon() function like this: |
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char *args[3] = {"mon", "-r", NULL}; |
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mon(2, args); |
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6. If you're done with cxmon, call mon_exit(). |
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History |
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------- |
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