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/* |
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* vm_alloc.cpp - Wrapper to various virtual memory allocation schemes |
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* (supports mmap, vm_allocate or fallbacks to malloc) |
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* |
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* Basilisk II (C) 1997-2008 Christian Bauer |
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* |
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* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
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* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
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* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or |
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* (at your option) any later version. |
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* |
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* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
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* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
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* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the |
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* GNU General Public License for more details. |
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* |
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* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
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* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software |
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* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA |
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*/ |
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|
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#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H |
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#include "config.h" |
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#endif |
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|
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#ifdef HAVE_FCNTL_H |
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#include <fcntl.h> |
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#endif |
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|
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#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
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#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN /* avoid including junk */ |
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#include <windows.h> |
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#endif |
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|
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#include <errno.h> |
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#include <stdio.h> |
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#include <stdlib.h> |
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#include <string.h> |
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#include <limits.h> |
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#include "vm_alloc.h" |
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|
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#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__) |
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#include <sys/utsname.h> |
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#endif |
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|
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#ifdef HAVE_MACH_VM |
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#ifndef HAVE_MACH_TASK_SELF |
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#ifdef HAVE_TASK_SELF |
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#define mach_task_self task_self |
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#else |
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#error "No task_self(), you lose." |
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#endif |
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#endif |
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#endif |
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|
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#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
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/* Windows is either ILP32 or LLP64 */ |
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typedef UINT_PTR vm_uintptr_t; |
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#else |
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/* Other systems are sane as they are either ILP32 or LP64 */ |
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typedef unsigned long vm_uintptr_t; |
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#endif |
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|
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/* We want MAP_32BIT, if available, for SheepShaver and BasiliskII |
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because the emulated target is 32-bit and this helps to allocate |
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memory so that branches could be resolved more easily (32-bit |
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displacement to code in .text), on AMD64 for example. */ |
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#if defined(__hpux) |
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#define MAP_32BIT MAP_ADDR32 |
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#endif |
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#ifndef MAP_32BIT |
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#define MAP_32BIT 0 |
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#endif |
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#ifndef MAP_ANON |
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#define MAP_ANON 0 |
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#endif |
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#ifndef MAP_ANONYMOUS |
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#define MAP_ANONYMOUS 0 |
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#endif |
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|
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#define MAP_EXTRA_FLAGS (MAP_32BIT) |
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|
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#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_VM |
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#if (defined(__linux__) && defined(__i386__)) || HAVE_LINKER_SCRIPT |
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/* Force a reasonnable address below 0x80000000 on x86 so that we |
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don't get addresses above when the program is run on AMD64. |
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NOTE: this is empirically determined on Linux/x86. */ |
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#define MAP_BASE 0x10000000 |
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#else |
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#define MAP_BASE 0x00000000 |
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#endif |
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static char * next_address = (char *)MAP_BASE; |
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#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_ANON |
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#define map_flags (MAP_ANON | MAP_EXTRA_FLAGS) |
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#define zero_fd -1 |
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#else |
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#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_ANONYMOUS |
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#define map_flags (MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_EXTRA_FLAGS) |
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#define zero_fd -1 |
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#else |
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#define map_flags (MAP_EXTRA_FLAGS) |
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static int zero_fd = -1; |
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#endif |
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#endif |
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#endif |
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|
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/* Translate generic VM map flags to host values. */ |
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|
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#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_VM |
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static int translate_map_flags(int vm_flags) |
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{ |
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int flags = 0; |
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if (vm_flags & VM_MAP_SHARED) |
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flags |= MAP_SHARED; |
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if (vm_flags & VM_MAP_PRIVATE) |
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flags |= MAP_PRIVATE; |
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if (vm_flags & VM_MAP_FIXED) |
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flags |= MAP_FIXED; |
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if (vm_flags & VM_MAP_32BIT) |
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flags |= MAP_32BIT; |
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return flags; |
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} |
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#endif |
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|
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/* Align ADDR and SIZE to 64K boundaries. */ |
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|
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#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
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static inline LPVOID align_addr_segment(LPVOID addr) |
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{ |
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return (LPVOID)(((vm_uintptr_t)addr) & -((vm_uintptr_t)65536)); |
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} |
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|
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static inline DWORD align_size_segment(LPVOID addr, DWORD size) |
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{ |
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return size + ((vm_uintptr_t)addr - (vm_uintptr_t)align_addr_segment(addr)); |
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} |
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#endif |
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|
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/* Translate generic VM prot flags to host values. */ |
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|
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#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
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static int translate_prot_flags(int prot_flags) |
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{ |
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int prot = PAGE_READWRITE; |
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if (prot_flags == (VM_PAGE_EXECUTE | VM_PAGE_READ | VM_PAGE_WRITE)) |
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prot = PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE; |
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else if (prot_flags == (VM_PAGE_EXECUTE | VM_PAGE_READ)) |
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prot = PAGE_EXECUTE_READ; |
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else if (prot_flags == (VM_PAGE_READ | VM_PAGE_WRITE)) |
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prot = PAGE_READWRITE; |
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else if (prot_flags == VM_PAGE_READ) |
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prot = PAGE_READONLY; |
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else if (prot_flags == 0) |
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prot = PAGE_NOACCESS; |
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return prot; |
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} |
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#endif |
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|
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/* Translate Mach return codes to POSIX errno values. */ |
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#ifdef HAVE_MACH_VM |
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static int vm_error(kern_return_t ret_code) |
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{ |
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switch (ret_code) { |
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case KERN_SUCCESS: |
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return 0; |
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case KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS: |
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case KERN_NO_SPACE: |
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return ENOMEM; |
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case KERN_PROTECTION_FAILURE: |
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return EACCES; |
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default: |
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return EINVAL; |
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} |
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} |
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#endif |
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|
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/* Initialize the VM system. Returns 0 if successful, -1 for errors. */ |
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|
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int vm_init(void) |
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{ |
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#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_VM |
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#ifndef zero_fd |
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zero_fd = open("/dev/zero", O_RDWR); |
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if (zero_fd < 0) |
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return -1; |
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#endif |
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#endif |
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|
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// On 10.4 and earlier, reset CrashReporter's task signal handler to |
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// avoid having it show up for signals that get handled. |
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#if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__) |
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struct utsname info; |
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|
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if (!uname(&info) && atoi(info.release) <= 8) { |
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task_set_exception_ports(mach_task_self(), |
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EXC_MASK_BAD_ACCESS | EXC_MASK_ARITHMETIC, |
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MACH_PORT_NULL, |
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EXCEPTION_STATE_IDENTITY, |
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MACHINE_THREAD_STATE); |
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} |
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#endif |
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|
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return 0; |
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} |
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|
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/* Deallocate all internal data used to wrap virtual memory allocators. */ |
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|
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void vm_exit(void) |
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{ |
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#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_VM |
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#ifndef zero_fd |
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if (zero_fd != -1) { |
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close(zero_fd); |
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zero_fd = -1; |
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} |
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#endif |
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#endif |
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} |
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|
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/* Allocate zero-filled memory of SIZE bytes. The mapping is private |
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and default protection bits are read / write. The return value |
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is the actual mapping address chosen or VM_MAP_FAILED for errors. */ |
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|
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void * vm_acquire(size_t size, int options) |
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{ |
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void * addr; |
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|
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errno = 0; |
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|
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// VM_MAP_FIXED are to be used with vm_acquire_fixed() only |
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if (options & VM_MAP_FIXED) |
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return VM_MAP_FAILED; |
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|
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#ifndef HAVE_VM_WRITE_WATCH |
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if (options & VM_MAP_WRITE_WATCH) |
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return VM_MAP_FAILED; |
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#endif |
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|
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#ifdef HAVE_MACH_VM |
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// vm_allocate() returns a zero-filled memory region |
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kern_return_t ret_code = vm_allocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t *)&addr, size, TRUE); |
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if (ret_code != KERN_SUCCESS) { |
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errno = vm_error(ret_code); |
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return VM_MAP_FAILED; |
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} |
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#else |
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#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_VM |
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int fd = zero_fd; |
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int the_map_flags = translate_map_flags(options) | map_flags; |
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|
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if ((addr = mmap((caddr_t)next_address, size, VM_PAGE_DEFAULT, the_map_flags, fd, 0)) == (void *)MAP_FAILED) |
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return VM_MAP_FAILED; |
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|
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// Sanity checks for 64-bit platforms |
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if (sizeof(void *) == 8 && (options & VM_MAP_32BIT) && !((char *)addr <= (char *)0xffffffff)) |
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return VM_MAP_FAILED; |
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|
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next_address = (char *)addr + size; |
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#else |
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#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
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int alloc_type = MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT; |
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if (options & VM_MAP_WRITE_WATCH) |
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alloc_type |= MEM_WRITE_WATCH; |
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|
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if ((addr = VirtualAlloc(NULL, size, alloc_type, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE)) == NULL) |
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return VM_MAP_FAILED; |
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#else |
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if ((addr = calloc(size, 1)) == 0) |
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return VM_MAP_FAILED; |
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|
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// Omit changes for protections because they are not supported in this mode |
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return addr; |
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#endif |
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#endif |
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#endif |
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|
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// Explicitely protect the newly mapped region here because on some systems, |
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// say MacOS X, mmap() doesn't honour the requested protection flags. |
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if (vm_protect(addr, size, VM_PAGE_DEFAULT) != 0) |
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return VM_MAP_FAILED; |
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|
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return addr; |
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} |
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|
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/* Allocate zero-filled memory at exactly ADDR (which must be page-aligned). |
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Retuns 0 if successful, -1 on errors. */ |
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|
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int vm_acquire_fixed(void * addr, size_t size, int options) |
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{ |
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errno = 0; |
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|
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// Fixed mappings are required to be private |
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if (options & VM_MAP_SHARED) |
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return -1; |
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|
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#ifndef HAVE_VM_WRITE_WATCH |
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if (options & VM_MAP_WRITE_WATCH) |
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return -1; |
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#endif |
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|
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#ifdef HAVE_MACH_VM |
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// vm_allocate() returns a zero-filled memory region |
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kern_return_t ret_code = vm_allocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t *)&addr, size, 0); |
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if (ret_code != KERN_SUCCESS) { |
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errno = vm_error(ret_code); |
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return -1; |
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} |
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#else |
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#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_VM |
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int fd = zero_fd; |
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int the_map_flags = translate_map_flags(options) | map_flags | MAP_FIXED; |
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|
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if (mmap((caddr_t)addr, size, VM_PAGE_DEFAULT, the_map_flags, fd, 0) == (void *)MAP_FAILED) |
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return -1; |
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#else |
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#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
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// Windows cannot allocate Low Memory |
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if (addr == NULL) |
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return -1; |
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|
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int alloc_type = MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT; |
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if (options & VM_MAP_WRITE_WATCH) |
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alloc_type |= MEM_WRITE_WATCH; |
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|
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// Allocate a possibly offset region to align on 64K boundaries |
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LPVOID req_addr = align_addr_segment(addr); |
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DWORD req_size = align_size_segment(addr, size); |
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LPVOID ret_addr = VirtualAlloc(req_addr, req_size, alloc_type, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE); |
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if (ret_addr != req_addr) |
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return -1; |
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#else |
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// Unsupported |
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return -1; |
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#endif |
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#endif |
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#endif |
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|
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// Explicitely protect the newly mapped region here because on some systems, |
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// say MacOS X, mmap() doesn't honour the requested protection flags. |
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if (vm_protect(addr, size, VM_PAGE_DEFAULT) != 0) |
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return -1; |
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|
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return 0; |
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} |
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|
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/* Deallocate any mapping for the region starting at ADDR and extending |
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LEN bytes. Returns 0 if successful, -1 on errors. */ |
348 |
|
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int vm_release(void * addr, size_t size) |
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{ |
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// Safety check: don't try to release memory that was not allocated |
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if (addr == VM_MAP_FAILED) |
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return 0; |
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|
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#ifdef HAVE_MACH_VM |
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if (vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)addr, size) != KERN_SUCCESS) |
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return -1; |
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#else |
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#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_VM |
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if (munmap((caddr_t)addr, size) != 0) |
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return -1; |
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#else |
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#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
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if (VirtualFree(align_addr_segment(addr), 0, MEM_RELEASE) == 0) |
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return -1; |
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#else |
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free(addr); |
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#endif |
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#endif |
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#endif |
371 |
|
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return 0; |
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} |
374 |
|
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/* Change the memory protection of the region starting at ADDR and |
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extending LEN bytes to PROT. Returns 0 if successful, -1 for errors. */ |
377 |
|
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int vm_protect(void * addr, size_t size, int prot) |
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{ |
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#ifdef HAVE_MACH_VM |
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int ret_code = vm_protect(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)addr, size, 0, prot); |
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return ret_code == KERN_SUCCESS ? 0 : -1; |
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#else |
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#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_VM |
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int ret_code = mprotect((caddr_t)addr, size, prot); |
386 |
return ret_code == 0 ? 0 : -1; |
387 |
#else |
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#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
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DWORD old_prot; |
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int ret_code = VirtualProtect(addr, size, translate_prot_flags(prot), &old_prot); |
391 |
return ret_code != 0 ? 0 : -1; |
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#else |
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// Unsupported |
394 |
return -1; |
395 |
#endif |
396 |
#endif |
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#endif |
398 |
} |
399 |
|
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/* Return the addresses of the pages that got modified in the |
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specified range [ ADDR, ADDR + SIZE [ since the last reset of the watch |
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bits. Returns 0 if successful, -1 for errors. */ |
403 |
|
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int vm_get_write_watch(void * addr, size_t size, |
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void ** pages, unsigned int * n_pages, |
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int options) |
407 |
{ |
408 |
#ifdef HAVE_VM_WRITE_WATCH |
409 |
#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
410 |
DWORD flags = 0; |
411 |
if (options & VM_WRITE_WATCH_RESET) |
412 |
flags |= WRITE_WATCH_FLAG_RESET; |
413 |
|
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ULONG page_size; |
415 |
ULONG_PTR count = *n_pages; |
416 |
int ret_code = GetWriteWatch(flags, addr, size, pages, &count, &page_size); |
417 |
if (ret_code != 0) |
418 |
return -1; |
419 |
|
420 |
*n_pages = count; |
421 |
return 0; |
422 |
#endif |
423 |
#endif |
424 |
// Unsupported |
425 |
return -1; |
426 |
} |
427 |
|
428 |
/* Reset the write-tracking state for the specified range [ ADDR, ADDR |
429 |
+ SIZE [. Returns 0 if successful, -1 for errors. */ |
430 |
|
431 |
int vm_reset_write_watch(void * addr, size_t size) |
432 |
{ |
433 |
#ifdef HAVE_VM_WRITE_WATCH |
434 |
#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
435 |
int ret_code = ResetWriteWatch(addr, size); |
436 |
return ret_code == 0 ? 0 : -1; |
437 |
#endif |
438 |
#endif |
439 |
// Unsupported |
440 |
return -1; |
441 |
} |
442 |
|
443 |
/* Returns the size of a page. */ |
444 |
|
445 |
int vm_get_page_size(void) |
446 |
{ |
447 |
#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
448 |
static vm_uintptr_t page_size = 0; |
449 |
if (page_size == 0) { |
450 |
SYSTEM_INFO si; |
451 |
GetSystemInfo(&si); |
452 |
page_size = si.dwAllocationGranularity; |
453 |
} |
454 |
return page_size; |
455 |
#else |
456 |
return getpagesize(); |
457 |
#endif |
458 |
} |
459 |
|
460 |
#ifdef CONFIGURE_TEST_VM_WRITE_WATCH |
461 |
int main(void) |
462 |
{ |
463 |
int i, j; |
464 |
|
465 |
vm_init(); |
466 |
|
467 |
vm_uintptr_t page_size = vm_get_page_size(); |
468 |
|
469 |
char *area; |
470 |
const int n_pages = 7; |
471 |
const int area_size = n_pages * page_size; |
472 |
const int map_options = VM_MAP_DEFAULT | VM_MAP_WRITE_WATCH; |
473 |
if ((area = (char *)vm_acquire(area_size, map_options)) == VM_MAP_FAILED) |
474 |
return 1; |
475 |
|
476 |
unsigned int n_modified_pages_expected = 0; |
477 |
static const int touch_page[n_pages] = { 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1 }; |
478 |
for (i = 0; i < n_pages; i++) { |
479 |
if (touch_page[i]) { |
480 |
area[i * page_size] = 1; |
481 |
++n_modified_pages_expected; |
482 |
} |
483 |
} |
484 |
|
485 |
char *modified_pages[n_pages]; |
486 |
unsigned int n_modified_pages = n_pages; |
487 |
if (vm_get_write_watch(area, area_size, (void **)modified_pages, &n_modified_pages) < 0) |
488 |
return 2; |
489 |
if (n_modified_pages != n_modified_pages_expected) |
490 |
return 3; |
491 |
for (i = 0, j = 0; i < n_pages; i++) { |
492 |
char v = area[i * page_size]; |
493 |
if ((touch_page[i] && !v) || (!touch_page[i] && v)) |
494 |
return 4; |
495 |
if (!touch_page[i]) |
496 |
continue; |
497 |
if (modified_pages[j] != (area + i * page_size)) |
498 |
return 5; |
499 |
++j; |
500 |
} |
501 |
|
502 |
vm_release(area, area_size); |
503 |
return 0; |
504 |
} |
505 |
#endif |
506 |
|
507 |
#ifdef CONFIGURE_TEST_VM_MAP |
508 |
#include <stdlib.h> |
509 |
#include <signal.h> |
510 |
|
511 |
static void fault_handler(int sig) |
512 |
{ |
513 |
exit(1); |
514 |
} |
515 |
|
516 |
/* Tests covered here: |
517 |
- TEST_VM_PROT_* program slices actually succeeds when a crash occurs |
518 |
- TEST_VM_MAP_ANON* program slices succeeds when it could be compiled |
519 |
*/ |
520 |
int main(void) |
521 |
{ |
522 |
vm_init(); |
523 |
|
524 |
signal(SIGSEGV, fault_handler); |
525 |
#ifdef SIGBUS |
526 |
signal(SIGBUS, fault_handler); |
527 |
#endif |
528 |
|
529 |
#define page_align(address) ((char *)((vm_uintptr_t)(address) & -page_size)) |
530 |
vm_uintptr_t page_size = vm_get_page_size(); |
531 |
|
532 |
const int area_size = 6 * page_size; |
533 |
volatile char * area = (volatile char *) vm_acquire(area_size); |
534 |
volatile char * fault_address = area + (page_size * 7) / 2; |
535 |
|
536 |
#if defined(TEST_VM_MMAP_ANON) || defined(TEST_VM_MMAP_ANONYMOUS) |
537 |
if (area == VM_MAP_FAILED) |
538 |
return 1; |
539 |
|
540 |
if (vm_release((char *)area, area_size) < 0) |
541 |
return 1; |
542 |
|
543 |
return 0; |
544 |
#endif |
545 |
|
546 |
#if defined(TEST_VM_PROT_NONE_READ) || defined(TEST_VM_PROT_NONE_WRITE) |
547 |
if (area == VM_MAP_FAILED) |
548 |
return 0; |
549 |
|
550 |
if (vm_protect(page_align(fault_address), page_size, VM_PAGE_NOACCESS) < 0) |
551 |
return 0; |
552 |
#endif |
553 |
|
554 |
#if defined(TEST_VM_PROT_RDWR_WRITE) |
555 |
if (area == VM_MAP_FAILED) |
556 |
return 1; |
557 |
|
558 |
if (vm_protect(page_align(fault_address), page_size, VM_PAGE_READ) < 0) |
559 |
return 1; |
560 |
|
561 |
if (vm_protect(page_align(fault_address), page_size, VM_PAGE_READ | VM_PAGE_WRITE) < 0) |
562 |
return 1; |
563 |
#endif |
564 |
|
565 |
#if defined(TEST_VM_PROT_READ_WRITE) |
566 |
if (vm_protect(page_align(fault_address), page_size, VM_PAGE_READ) < 0) |
567 |
return 0; |
568 |
#endif |
569 |
|
570 |
#if defined(TEST_VM_PROT_NONE_READ) |
571 |
// this should cause a core dump |
572 |
char foo = *fault_address; |
573 |
return 0; |
574 |
#endif |
575 |
|
576 |
#if defined(TEST_VM_PROT_NONE_WRITE) || defined(TEST_VM_PROT_READ_WRITE) |
577 |
// this should cause a core dump |
578 |
*fault_address = 'z'; |
579 |
return 0; |
580 |
#endif |
581 |
|
582 |
#if defined(TEST_VM_PROT_RDWR_WRITE) |
583 |
// this should not cause a core dump |
584 |
*fault_address = 'z'; |
585 |
return 0; |
586 |
#endif |
587 |
} |
588 |
#endif |