| 1 |
/* |
| 2 |
* vm_alloc.cpp - Wrapper to various virtual memory allocation schemes |
| 3 |
* (supports mmap, vm_allocate or fallbacks to malloc) |
| 4 |
* |
| 5 |
* Basilisk II (C) 1997-2008 Christian Bauer |
| 6 |
* |
| 7 |
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
| 8 |
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
| 9 |
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or |
| 10 |
* (at your option) any later version. |
| 11 |
* |
| 12 |
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
| 13 |
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
| 14 |
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the |
| 15 |
* GNU General Public License for more details. |
| 16 |
* |
| 17 |
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
| 18 |
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software |
| 19 |
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA |
| 20 |
*/ |
| 21 |
|
| 22 |
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H |
| 23 |
#include "config.h" |
| 24 |
#endif |
| 25 |
|
| 26 |
#ifdef HAVE_FCNTL_H |
| 27 |
#include <fcntl.h> |
| 28 |
#endif |
| 29 |
|
| 30 |
#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
| 31 |
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN /* avoid including junk */ |
| 32 |
#include <windows.h> |
| 33 |
#endif |
| 34 |
|
| 35 |
#include <errno.h> |
| 36 |
#include <stdio.h> |
| 37 |
#include <stdlib.h> |
| 38 |
#include <string.h> |
| 39 |
#include <limits.h> |
| 40 |
#include "vm_alloc.h" |
| 41 |
|
| 42 |
#ifdef HAVE_MACH_VM |
| 43 |
#ifndef HAVE_MACH_TASK_SELF |
| 44 |
#ifdef HAVE_TASK_SELF |
| 45 |
#define mach_task_self task_self |
| 46 |
#else |
| 47 |
#error "No task_self(), you lose." |
| 48 |
#endif |
| 49 |
#endif |
| 50 |
#endif |
| 51 |
|
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#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
| 53 |
/* Windows is either ILP32 or LLP64 */ |
| 54 |
typedef UINT_PTR vm_uintptr_t; |
| 55 |
#else |
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/* Other systems are sane as they are either ILP32 or LP64 */ |
| 57 |
typedef unsigned long vm_uintptr_t; |
| 58 |
#endif |
| 59 |
|
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/* We want MAP_32BIT, if available, for SheepShaver and BasiliskII |
| 61 |
because the emulated target is 32-bit and this helps to allocate |
| 62 |
memory so that branches could be resolved more easily (32-bit |
| 63 |
displacement to code in .text), on AMD64 for example. */ |
| 64 |
#if defined(__hpux) |
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#define MAP_32BIT MAP_ADDR32 |
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#endif |
| 67 |
#ifndef MAP_32BIT |
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#define MAP_32BIT 0 |
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#endif |
| 70 |
#ifndef MAP_ANON |
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#define MAP_ANON 0 |
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#endif |
| 73 |
#ifndef MAP_ANONYMOUS |
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#define MAP_ANONYMOUS 0 |
| 75 |
#endif |
| 76 |
|
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#define MAP_EXTRA_FLAGS (MAP_32BIT) |
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|
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#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_VM |
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#if (defined(__linux__) && defined(__i386__)) || HAVE_LINKER_SCRIPT |
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/* Force a reasonnable address below 0x80000000 on x86 so that we |
| 82 |
don't get addresses above when the program is run on AMD64. |
| 83 |
NOTE: this is empirically determined on Linux/x86. */ |
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#define MAP_BASE 0x10000000 |
| 85 |
#else |
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#define MAP_BASE 0x00000000 |
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#endif |
| 88 |
static char * next_address = (char *)MAP_BASE; |
| 89 |
#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_ANON |
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#define map_flags (MAP_ANON | MAP_EXTRA_FLAGS) |
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#define zero_fd -1 |
| 92 |
#else |
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#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_ANONYMOUS |
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#define map_flags (MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_EXTRA_FLAGS) |
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#define zero_fd -1 |
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#else |
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#define map_flags (MAP_EXTRA_FLAGS) |
| 98 |
static int zero_fd = -1; |
| 99 |
#endif |
| 100 |
#endif |
| 101 |
#endif |
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|
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/* Translate generic VM map flags to host values. */ |
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|
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#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_VM |
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static int translate_map_flags(int vm_flags) |
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{ |
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int flags = 0; |
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if (vm_flags & VM_MAP_SHARED) |
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flags |= MAP_SHARED; |
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if (vm_flags & VM_MAP_PRIVATE) |
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flags |= MAP_PRIVATE; |
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if (vm_flags & VM_MAP_FIXED) |
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flags |= MAP_FIXED; |
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if (vm_flags & VM_MAP_32BIT) |
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flags |= MAP_32BIT; |
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return flags; |
| 118 |
} |
| 119 |
#endif |
| 120 |
|
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/* Align ADDR and SIZE to 64K boundaries. */ |
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|
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#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
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static inline LPVOID align_addr_segment(LPVOID addr) |
| 125 |
{ |
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return (LPVOID)(((vm_uintptr_t)addr) & -((vm_uintptr_t)65536)); |
| 127 |
} |
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|
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static inline DWORD align_size_segment(LPVOID addr, DWORD size) |
| 130 |
{ |
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return size + ((vm_uintptr_t)addr - (vm_uintptr_t)align_addr_segment(addr)); |
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} |
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#endif |
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|
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/* Translate generic VM prot flags to host values. */ |
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|
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#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
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static int translate_prot_flags(int prot_flags) |
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{ |
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int prot = PAGE_READWRITE; |
| 141 |
if (prot_flags == (VM_PAGE_EXECUTE | VM_PAGE_READ | VM_PAGE_WRITE)) |
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prot = PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE; |
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else if (prot_flags == (VM_PAGE_EXECUTE | VM_PAGE_READ)) |
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prot = PAGE_EXECUTE_READ; |
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else if (prot_flags == (VM_PAGE_READ | VM_PAGE_WRITE)) |
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prot = PAGE_READWRITE; |
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else if (prot_flags == VM_PAGE_READ) |
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prot = PAGE_READONLY; |
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else if (prot_flags == 0) |
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prot = PAGE_NOACCESS; |
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return prot; |
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} |
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#endif |
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|
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/* Translate Mach return codes to POSIX errno values. */ |
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#ifdef HAVE_MACH_VM |
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static int vm_error(kern_return_t ret_code) |
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{ |
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switch (ret_code) { |
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case KERN_SUCCESS: |
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return 0; |
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case KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS: |
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case KERN_NO_SPACE: |
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return ENOMEM; |
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case KERN_PROTECTION_FAILURE: |
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return EACCES; |
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default: |
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return EINVAL; |
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} |
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} |
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#endif |
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|
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/* Initialize the VM system. Returns 0 if successful, -1 for errors. */ |
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|
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int vm_init(void) |
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{ |
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#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_VM |
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#ifndef zero_fd |
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zero_fd = open("/dev/zero", O_RDWR); |
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if (zero_fd < 0) |
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return -1; |
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#endif |
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#endif |
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return 0; |
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} |
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|
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/* Deallocate all internal data used to wrap virtual memory allocators. */ |
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|
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void vm_exit(void) |
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{ |
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#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_VM |
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#ifndef zero_fd |
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if (zero_fd != -1) { |
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close(zero_fd); |
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zero_fd = -1; |
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} |
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#endif |
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#endif |
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} |
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|
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/* Allocate zero-filled memory of SIZE bytes. The mapping is private |
| 202 |
and default protection bits are read / write. The return value |
| 203 |
is the actual mapping address chosen or VM_MAP_FAILED for errors. */ |
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|
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void * vm_acquire(size_t size, int options) |
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{ |
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void * addr; |
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|
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errno = 0; |
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|
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// VM_MAP_FIXED are to be used with vm_acquire_fixed() only |
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if (options & VM_MAP_FIXED) |
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return VM_MAP_FAILED; |
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|
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#ifndef HAVE_VM_WRITE_WATCH |
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if (options & VM_MAP_WRITE_WATCH) |
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return VM_MAP_FAILED; |
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#endif |
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|
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#ifdef HAVE_MACH_VM |
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// vm_allocate() returns a zero-filled memory region |
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kern_return_t ret_code = vm_allocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t *)&addr, size, TRUE); |
| 223 |
if (ret_code != KERN_SUCCESS) { |
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errno = vm_error(ret_code); |
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return VM_MAP_FAILED; |
| 226 |
} |
| 227 |
#else |
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#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_VM |
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int fd = zero_fd; |
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int the_map_flags = translate_map_flags(options) | map_flags; |
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|
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if ((addr = mmap((caddr_t)next_address, size, VM_PAGE_DEFAULT, the_map_flags, fd, 0)) == (void *)MAP_FAILED) |
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return VM_MAP_FAILED; |
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|
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// Sanity checks for 64-bit platforms |
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if (sizeof(void *) == 8 && (options & VM_MAP_32BIT) && !((char *)addr <= (char *)0xffffffff)) |
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return VM_MAP_FAILED; |
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|
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next_address = (char *)addr + size; |
| 240 |
#else |
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#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
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int alloc_type = MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT; |
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if (options & VM_MAP_WRITE_WATCH) |
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alloc_type |= MEM_WRITE_WATCH; |
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|
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if ((addr = VirtualAlloc(NULL, size, alloc_type, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE)) == NULL) |
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return VM_MAP_FAILED; |
| 248 |
#else |
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if ((addr = calloc(size, 1)) == 0) |
| 250 |
return VM_MAP_FAILED; |
| 251 |
|
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// Omit changes for protections because they are not supported in this mode |
| 253 |
return addr; |
| 254 |
#endif |
| 255 |
#endif |
| 256 |
#endif |
| 257 |
|
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// Explicitely protect the newly mapped region here because on some systems, |
| 259 |
// say MacOS X, mmap() doesn't honour the requested protection flags. |
| 260 |
if (vm_protect(addr, size, VM_PAGE_DEFAULT) != 0) |
| 261 |
return VM_MAP_FAILED; |
| 262 |
|
| 263 |
return addr; |
| 264 |
} |
| 265 |
|
| 266 |
/* Allocate zero-filled memory at exactly ADDR (which must be page-aligned). |
| 267 |
Retuns 0 if successful, -1 on errors. */ |
| 268 |
|
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int vm_acquire_fixed(void * addr, size_t size, int options) |
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{ |
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errno = 0; |
| 272 |
|
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// Fixed mappings are required to be private |
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if (options & VM_MAP_SHARED) |
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return -1; |
| 276 |
|
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#ifndef HAVE_VM_WRITE_WATCH |
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if (options & VM_MAP_WRITE_WATCH) |
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return -1; |
| 280 |
#endif |
| 281 |
|
| 282 |
#ifdef HAVE_MACH_VM |
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// vm_allocate() returns a zero-filled memory region |
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kern_return_t ret_code = vm_allocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t *)&addr, size, 0); |
| 285 |
if (ret_code != KERN_SUCCESS) { |
| 286 |
errno = vm_error(ret_code); |
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return -1; |
| 288 |
} |
| 289 |
#else |
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#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_VM |
| 291 |
int fd = zero_fd; |
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int the_map_flags = translate_map_flags(options) | map_flags | MAP_FIXED; |
| 293 |
|
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if (mmap((caddr_t)addr, size, VM_PAGE_DEFAULT, the_map_flags, fd, 0) == (void *)MAP_FAILED) |
| 295 |
return -1; |
| 296 |
#else |
| 297 |
#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
| 298 |
// Windows cannot allocate Low Memory |
| 299 |
if (addr == NULL) |
| 300 |
return -1; |
| 301 |
|
| 302 |
int alloc_type = MEM_RESERVE | MEM_COMMIT; |
| 303 |
if (options & VM_MAP_WRITE_WATCH) |
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alloc_type |= MEM_WRITE_WATCH; |
| 305 |
|
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// Allocate a possibly offset region to align on 64K boundaries |
| 307 |
LPVOID req_addr = align_addr_segment(addr); |
| 308 |
DWORD req_size = align_size_segment(addr, size); |
| 309 |
LPVOID ret_addr = VirtualAlloc(req_addr, req_size, alloc_type, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE); |
| 310 |
if (ret_addr != req_addr) |
| 311 |
return -1; |
| 312 |
#else |
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// Unsupported |
| 314 |
return -1; |
| 315 |
#endif |
| 316 |
#endif |
| 317 |
#endif |
| 318 |
|
| 319 |
// Explicitely protect the newly mapped region here because on some systems, |
| 320 |
// say MacOS X, mmap() doesn't honour the requested protection flags. |
| 321 |
if (vm_protect(addr, size, VM_PAGE_DEFAULT) != 0) |
| 322 |
return -1; |
| 323 |
|
| 324 |
return 0; |
| 325 |
} |
| 326 |
|
| 327 |
/* Deallocate any mapping for the region starting at ADDR and extending |
| 328 |
LEN bytes. Returns 0 if successful, -1 on errors. */ |
| 329 |
|
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int vm_release(void * addr, size_t size) |
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{ |
| 332 |
// Safety check: don't try to release memory that was not allocated |
| 333 |
if (addr == VM_MAP_FAILED) |
| 334 |
return 0; |
| 335 |
|
| 336 |
#ifdef HAVE_MACH_VM |
| 337 |
if (vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)addr, size) != KERN_SUCCESS) |
| 338 |
return -1; |
| 339 |
#else |
| 340 |
#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_VM |
| 341 |
if (munmap((caddr_t)addr, size) != 0) |
| 342 |
return -1; |
| 343 |
#else |
| 344 |
#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
| 345 |
if (VirtualFree(align_addr_segment(addr), 0, MEM_RELEASE) == 0) |
| 346 |
return -1; |
| 347 |
#else |
| 348 |
free(addr); |
| 349 |
#endif |
| 350 |
#endif |
| 351 |
#endif |
| 352 |
|
| 353 |
return 0; |
| 354 |
} |
| 355 |
|
| 356 |
/* Change the memory protection of the region starting at ADDR and |
| 357 |
extending LEN bytes to PROT. Returns 0 if successful, -1 for errors. */ |
| 358 |
|
| 359 |
int vm_protect(void * addr, size_t size, int prot) |
| 360 |
{ |
| 361 |
#ifdef HAVE_MACH_VM |
| 362 |
int ret_code = vm_protect(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)addr, size, 0, prot); |
| 363 |
return ret_code == KERN_SUCCESS ? 0 : -1; |
| 364 |
#else |
| 365 |
#ifdef HAVE_MMAP_VM |
| 366 |
int ret_code = mprotect((caddr_t)addr, size, prot); |
| 367 |
return ret_code == 0 ? 0 : -1; |
| 368 |
#else |
| 369 |
#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
| 370 |
DWORD old_prot; |
| 371 |
int ret_code = VirtualProtect(addr, size, translate_prot_flags(prot), &old_prot); |
| 372 |
return ret_code != 0 ? 0 : -1; |
| 373 |
#else |
| 374 |
// Unsupported |
| 375 |
return -1; |
| 376 |
#endif |
| 377 |
#endif |
| 378 |
#endif |
| 379 |
} |
| 380 |
|
| 381 |
/* Return the addresses of the pages that got modified in the |
| 382 |
specified range [ ADDR, ADDR + SIZE [ since the last reset of the watch |
| 383 |
bits. Returns 0 if successful, -1 for errors. */ |
| 384 |
|
| 385 |
int vm_get_write_watch(void * addr, size_t size, |
| 386 |
void ** pages, unsigned int * n_pages, |
| 387 |
int options) |
| 388 |
{ |
| 389 |
#ifdef HAVE_VM_WRITE_WATCH |
| 390 |
#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
| 391 |
DWORD flags = 0; |
| 392 |
if (options & VM_WRITE_WATCH_RESET) |
| 393 |
flags |= WRITE_WATCH_FLAG_RESET; |
| 394 |
|
| 395 |
ULONG page_size; |
| 396 |
ULONG_PTR count = *n_pages; |
| 397 |
int ret_code = GetWriteWatch(flags, addr, size, pages, &count, &page_size); |
| 398 |
if (ret_code != 0) |
| 399 |
return -1; |
| 400 |
|
| 401 |
*n_pages = count; |
| 402 |
return 0; |
| 403 |
#endif |
| 404 |
#endif |
| 405 |
// Unsupported |
| 406 |
return -1; |
| 407 |
} |
| 408 |
|
| 409 |
/* Reset the write-tracking state for the specified range [ ADDR, ADDR |
| 410 |
+ SIZE [. Returns 0 if successful, -1 for errors. */ |
| 411 |
|
| 412 |
int vm_reset_write_watch(void * addr, size_t size) |
| 413 |
{ |
| 414 |
#ifdef HAVE_VM_WRITE_WATCH |
| 415 |
#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
| 416 |
int ret_code = ResetWriteWatch(addr, size); |
| 417 |
return ret_code == 0 ? 0 : -1; |
| 418 |
#endif |
| 419 |
#endif |
| 420 |
// Unsupported |
| 421 |
return -1; |
| 422 |
} |
| 423 |
|
| 424 |
/* Returns the size of a page. */ |
| 425 |
|
| 426 |
int vm_get_page_size(void) |
| 427 |
{ |
| 428 |
#ifdef HAVE_WIN32_VM |
| 429 |
static vm_uintptr_t page_size = 0; |
| 430 |
if (page_size == 0) { |
| 431 |
SYSTEM_INFO si; |
| 432 |
GetSystemInfo(&si); |
| 433 |
page_size = si.dwAllocationGranularity; |
| 434 |
} |
| 435 |
return page_size; |
| 436 |
#else |
| 437 |
return getpagesize(); |
| 438 |
#endif |
| 439 |
} |
| 440 |
|
| 441 |
#ifdef CONFIGURE_TEST_VM_WRITE_WATCH |
| 442 |
int main(void) |
| 443 |
{ |
| 444 |
int i, j; |
| 445 |
|
| 446 |
vm_init(); |
| 447 |
|
| 448 |
vm_uintptr_t page_size = vm_get_page_size(); |
| 449 |
|
| 450 |
char *area; |
| 451 |
const int n_pages = 7; |
| 452 |
const int area_size = n_pages * page_size; |
| 453 |
const int map_options = VM_MAP_DEFAULT | VM_MAP_WRITE_WATCH; |
| 454 |
if ((area = (char *)vm_acquire(area_size, map_options)) == VM_MAP_FAILED) |
| 455 |
return 1; |
| 456 |
|
| 457 |
unsigned int n_modified_pages_expected = 0; |
| 458 |
static const int touch_page[n_pages] = { 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1 }; |
| 459 |
for (i = 0; i < n_pages; i++) { |
| 460 |
if (touch_page[i]) { |
| 461 |
area[i * page_size] = 1; |
| 462 |
++n_modified_pages_expected; |
| 463 |
} |
| 464 |
} |
| 465 |
|
| 466 |
char *modified_pages[n_pages]; |
| 467 |
unsigned int n_modified_pages = n_pages; |
| 468 |
if (vm_get_write_watch(area, area_size, (void **)modified_pages, &n_modified_pages) < 0) |
| 469 |
return 2; |
| 470 |
if (n_modified_pages != n_modified_pages_expected) |
| 471 |
return 3; |
| 472 |
for (i = 0, j = 0; i < n_pages; i++) { |
| 473 |
char v = area[i * page_size]; |
| 474 |
if ((touch_page[i] && !v) || (!touch_page[i] && v)) |
| 475 |
return 4; |
| 476 |
if (!touch_page[i]) |
| 477 |
continue; |
| 478 |
if (modified_pages[j] != (area + i * page_size)) |
| 479 |
return 5; |
| 480 |
++j; |
| 481 |
} |
| 482 |
|
| 483 |
vm_release(area, area_size); |
| 484 |
return 0; |
| 485 |
} |
| 486 |
#endif |
| 487 |
|
| 488 |
#ifdef CONFIGURE_TEST_VM_MAP |
| 489 |
#include <stdlib.h> |
| 490 |
#include <signal.h> |
| 491 |
|
| 492 |
static void fault_handler(int sig) |
| 493 |
{ |
| 494 |
exit(1); |
| 495 |
} |
| 496 |
|
| 497 |
/* Tests covered here: |
| 498 |
- TEST_VM_PROT_* program slices actually succeeds when a crash occurs |
| 499 |
- TEST_VM_MAP_ANON* program slices succeeds when it could be compiled |
| 500 |
*/ |
| 501 |
int main(void) |
| 502 |
{ |
| 503 |
vm_init(); |
| 504 |
|
| 505 |
signal(SIGSEGV, fault_handler); |
| 506 |
#ifdef SIGBUS |
| 507 |
signal(SIGBUS, fault_handler); |
| 508 |
#endif |
| 509 |
|
| 510 |
#define page_align(address) ((char *)((vm_uintptr_t)(address) & -page_size)) |
| 511 |
vm_uintptr_t page_size = vm_get_page_size(); |
| 512 |
|
| 513 |
const int area_size = 6 * page_size; |
| 514 |
volatile char * area = (volatile char *) vm_acquire(area_size); |
| 515 |
volatile char * fault_address = area + (page_size * 7) / 2; |
| 516 |
|
| 517 |
#if defined(TEST_VM_MMAP_ANON) || defined(TEST_VM_MMAP_ANONYMOUS) |
| 518 |
if (area == VM_MAP_FAILED) |
| 519 |
return 1; |
| 520 |
|
| 521 |
if (vm_release((char *)area, area_size) < 0) |
| 522 |
return 1; |
| 523 |
|
| 524 |
return 0; |
| 525 |
#endif |
| 526 |
|
| 527 |
#if defined(TEST_VM_PROT_NONE_READ) || defined(TEST_VM_PROT_NONE_WRITE) |
| 528 |
if (area == VM_MAP_FAILED) |
| 529 |
return 0; |
| 530 |
|
| 531 |
if (vm_protect(page_align(fault_address), page_size, VM_PAGE_NOACCESS) < 0) |
| 532 |
return 0; |
| 533 |
#endif |
| 534 |
|
| 535 |
#if defined(TEST_VM_PROT_RDWR_WRITE) |
| 536 |
if (area == VM_MAP_FAILED) |
| 537 |
return 1; |
| 538 |
|
| 539 |
if (vm_protect(page_align(fault_address), page_size, VM_PAGE_READ) < 0) |
| 540 |
return 1; |
| 541 |
|
| 542 |
if (vm_protect(page_align(fault_address), page_size, VM_PAGE_READ | VM_PAGE_WRITE) < 0) |
| 543 |
return 1; |
| 544 |
#endif |
| 545 |
|
| 546 |
#if defined(TEST_VM_PROT_READ_WRITE) |
| 547 |
if (vm_protect(page_align(fault_address), page_size, VM_PAGE_READ) < 0) |
| 548 |
return 0; |
| 549 |
#endif |
| 550 |
|
| 551 |
#if defined(TEST_VM_PROT_NONE_READ) |
| 552 |
// this should cause a core dump |
| 553 |
char foo = *fault_address; |
| 554 |
return 0; |
| 555 |
#endif |
| 556 |
|
| 557 |
#if defined(TEST_VM_PROT_NONE_WRITE) || defined(TEST_VM_PROT_READ_WRITE) |
| 558 |
// this should cause a core dump |
| 559 |
*fault_address = 'z'; |
| 560 |
return 0; |
| 561 |
#endif |
| 562 |
|
| 563 |
#if defined(TEST_VM_PROT_RDWR_WRITE) |
| 564 |
// this should not cause a core dump |
| 565 |
*fault_address = 'z'; |
| 566 |
return 0; |
| 567 |
#endif |
| 568 |
} |
| 569 |
#endif |
