src/Unix/video_x.cpp

/*
 *  video_x.cpp - Video/graphics emulation, X11 specific stuff
 *
 *  Basilisk II (C) 1997-2004 Christian Bauer
 *
 *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 *  (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 */

/*
 *  NOTES:
 *    The Ctrl key works like a qualifier for special actions:
 *      Ctrl-Tab = suspend DGA mode
 *      Ctrl-Esc = emergency quit
 *      Ctrl-F1 = mount floppy
 *      Ctrl-F5 = grab mouse (in windowed mode)
 */

#include "sysdeps.h"

#include <X11/Xlib.h>
#include <X11/Xutil.h>
#include <X11/keysym.h>
#include <X11/extensions/XShm.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <errno.h>

#include <algorithm>

#ifdef HAVE_PTHREADS
# include <pthread.h>
#endif

#ifdef ENABLE_XF86_DGA
# include <X11/extensions/xf86dga.h>
#endif

#ifdef ENABLE_XF86_VIDMODE
# include <X11/extensions/xf86vmode.h>
#endif

#ifdef ENABLE_FBDEV_DGA
# include <sys/mman.h>
#endif

#include "cpu_emulation.h"
#include "main.h"
#include "adb.h"
#include "macos_util.h"
#include "prefs.h"
#include "user_strings.h"
#include "video.h"

#define DEBUG 0
#include "debug.h"


// Supported video modes
static vector<video_mode> VideoModes;

// Display types
enum {
        DISPLAY_WINDOW, // X11 window, using MIT SHM extensions if possible
        DISPLAY_DGA             // DGA fullscreen display
};

// Constants
const char KEYCODE_FILE_NAME[] = DATADIR "/keycodes";

static const int win_eventmask = KeyPressMask | KeyReleaseMask | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask | PointerMotionMask | EnterWindowMask | ExposureMask | StructureNotifyMask;
static const int dga_eventmask = KeyPressMask | KeyReleaseMask | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask | PointerMotionMask | StructureNotifyMask;


// Global variables
static int32 frame_skip;                                                        // Prefs items
static int16 mouse_wheel_mode;
static int16 mouse_wheel_lines;

static int display_type = DISPLAY_WINDOW;                       // See enum above
static bool local_X11;                                                          // Flag: X server running on local machine?
static uint8 *the_buffer = NULL;                                        // Mac frame buffer (where MacOS draws into)
static uint8 *the_buffer_copy = NULL;                           // Copy of Mac frame buffer (for refreshed modes)
static uint32 the_buffer_size;                                          // Size of allocated the_buffer

static bool redraw_thread_active = false;                       // Flag: Redraw thread installed
#ifdef HAVE_PTHREADS
static pthread_attr_t redraw_thread_attr;                       // Redraw thread attributes
static volatile bool redraw_thread_cancel;                      // Flag: Cancel Redraw thread
static pthread_t redraw_thread;                                         // Redraw thread
#endif

static bool has_dga = false;                                            // Flag: Video DGA capable
static bool has_vidmode = false;                                        // Flag: VidMode extension available

#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
static bool use_vosf = true;                                            // Flag: VOSF enabled
#else
static const bool use_vosf = false;                                     // VOSF not possible
#endif

static bool ctrl_down = false;                                          // Flag: Ctrl key pressed
static bool caps_on = false;                                            // Flag: Caps Lock on
static bool quit_full_screen = false;                           // Flag: DGA close requested from redraw thread
static bool emerg_quit = false;                                         // Flag: Ctrl-Esc pressed, emergency quit requested from MacOS thread
static bool emul_suspended = false;                                     // Flag: Emulator suspended

static bool classic_mode = false;                                       // Flag: Classic Mac video mode

static bool use_keycodes = false;                                       // Flag: Use keycodes rather than keysyms
static int keycode_table[256];                                          // X keycode -> Mac keycode translation table

// X11 variables
static int screen;                                                                      // Screen number
static Window rootwin;                                                          // Root window and our window
static int num_depths = 0;                                                      // Number of available X depths
static int *avail_depths = NULL;                                        // List of available X depths
static XColor black, white;
static unsigned long black_pixel, white_pixel;
static int eventmask;

static int xdepth;                                                                      // Depth of X screen
static XVisualInfo visualInfo;
static Visual *vis;
static int color_class;

static int rshift, rloss, gshift, gloss, bshift, bloss; // Pixel format of DirectColor/TrueColor modes

static Colormap cmap[2] = {0, 0};                                       // Colormaps for indexed modes (DGA needs two of them)

static XColor x_palette[256];                                                   // Color palette to be used as CLUT and gamma table
static bool x_palette_changed = false;                          // Flag: Palette changed, redraw thread must set new colors

#ifdef ENABLE_FBDEV_DGA
static int fbdev_fd = -1;
#endif

#ifdef ENABLE_XF86_VIDMODE
static XF86VidModeModeInfo **x_video_modes = NULL;      // Array of all available modes
static int num_x_video_modes;
#endif

// Mutex to protect palette
#ifdef HAVE_PTHREADS
static pthread_mutex_t x_palette_lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
#define LOCK_PALETTE pthread_mutex_lock(&x_palette_lock)
#define UNLOCK_PALETTE pthread_mutex_unlock(&x_palette_lock)
#else
#define LOCK_PALETTE
#define UNLOCK_PALETTE
#endif

// Mutex to protect frame buffer
#ifdef HAVE_PTHREADS
static pthread_mutex_t frame_buffer_lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
#define LOCK_FRAME_BUFFER pthread_mutex_lock(&frame_buffer_lock);
#define UNLOCK_FRAME_BUFFER pthread_mutex_unlock(&frame_buffer_lock);
#else
#define LOCK_FRAME_BUFFER
#define UNLOCK_FRAME_BUFFER
#endif

// Variables for non-VOSF incremental refresh
static const int sm_uptd[] = {4,1,6,3,0,5,2,7};
static int sm_no_boxes[] = {1,8,32,64,128,300};
static bool updt_box[17][17];
static int nr_boxes;

// Video refresh function
static void VideoRefreshInit(void);
static void (*video_refresh)(void);


// Prototypes
static void *redraw_func(void *arg);

// From main_unix.cpp
extern char *x_display_name;
extern Display *x_display;

// From sys_unix.cpp
extern void SysMountFirstFloppy(void);


/*
 *  monitor_desc subclass for X11 display
 */

class X11_monitor_desc : public monitor_desc {
public:
        X11_monitor_desc(const vector<video_mode> &available_modes, video_depth default_depth, uint32 default_id) : monitor_desc(available_modes, default_depth, default_id) {}
        ~X11_monitor_desc() {}

        virtual void switch_to_current_mode(void);
        virtual void set_palette(uint8 *pal, int num);

        bool video_open(void);
        void video_close(void);
};


/*
 *  Utility functions
 */

// Map video_mode depth ID to numerical depth value
static inline int depth_of_video_mode(video_mode const & mode)
{
        int depth = -1;
        switch (mode.depth) {
        case VDEPTH_1BIT:
                depth = 1;
                break;
        case VDEPTH_2BIT:
                depth = 2;
                break;
        case VDEPTH_4BIT:
                depth = 4;
                break;
        case VDEPTH_8BIT:
                depth = 8;
                break;
        case VDEPTH_16BIT:
                depth = 16;
                break;
        case VDEPTH_32BIT:
                depth = 32;
                break;
        default:
                abort();
        }
        return depth;
}

// Map RGB color to pixel value (this only works in TrueColor/DirectColor visuals)
static inline uint32 map_rgb(uint8 red, uint8 green, uint8 blue)
{
        return ((red >> rloss) << rshift) | ((green >> gloss) << gshift) | ((blue >> bloss) << bshift);
}

// Do we have a visual for handling the specified Mac depth? If so, set the
// global variables "xdepth", "visualInfo", "vis" and "color_class".
static bool find_visual_for_depth(video_depth depth)
{
        D(bug("have_visual_for_depth(%d)\n", 1 << depth));

        // 1-bit works always and uses default visual
        if (depth == VDEPTH_1BIT) {
                vis = DefaultVisual(x_display, screen);
                visualInfo.visualid = XVisualIDFromVisual(vis);
                int num = 0;
                XVisualInfo *vi = XGetVisualInfo(x_display, VisualIDMask, &visualInfo, &num);
                visualInfo = vi[0];
                XFree(vi);
                xdepth = visualInfo.depth;
                color_class = visualInfo.c_class;
                D(bug(" found visual ID 0x%02x, depth %d\n", visualInfo.visualid, xdepth));
                return true;
        }

        // Calculate minimum and maximum supported X depth
        int min_depth = 1, max_depth = 32;
        switch (depth) {
#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
                case VDEPTH_2BIT:
                case VDEPTH_4BIT:       // VOSF blitters can convert 2/4/8-bit -> 8/16/32-bit
                case VDEPTH_8BIT:
                        min_depth = 8;
                        max_depth = 32;
                        break;
#else
                case VDEPTH_2BIT:
                case VDEPTH_4BIT:       // 2/4-bit requires VOSF blitters
                        return false;
                case VDEPTH_8BIT:       // 8-bit without VOSF requires an 8-bit visual
                        min_depth = 8;
                        max_depth = 8;
                        break;
#endif
                case VDEPTH_16BIT:      // 16-bit requires a 15/16-bit visual
                        min_depth = 15;
                        max_depth = 16;
                        break;
                case VDEPTH_32BIT:      // 32-bit requires a 24/32-bit visual
                        min_depth = 24;
                        max_depth = 32;
                        break;
        }
        D(bug(" minimum required X depth is %d, maximum supported X depth is %d\n", min_depth, max_depth));

        // Try to find a visual for one of the color depths
        bool visual_found = false;
        for (int i=0; i<num_depths && !visual_found; i++) {

                xdepth = avail_depths[i];
                D(bug(" trying to find visual for depth %d\n", xdepth));
                if (xdepth < min_depth || xdepth > max_depth)
                        continue;

                // Determine best color class for this depth
                switch (xdepth) {
                        case 1: // Try StaticGray or StaticColor
                                if (XMatchVisualInfo(x_display, screen, xdepth, StaticGray, &visualInfo)
                                 || XMatchVisualInfo(x_display, screen, xdepth, StaticColor, &visualInfo))
                                        visual_found = true;
                                break;
                        case 8: // Need PseudoColor
                                if (XMatchVisualInfo(x_display, screen, xdepth, PseudoColor, &visualInfo))
                                        visual_found = true;
                                break;
                        case 15:
                        case 16:
                        case 24:
                        case 32: // Try DirectColor first, as this will allow gamma correction
                                if (XMatchVisualInfo(x_display, screen, xdepth, DirectColor, &visualInfo)
                                 || XMatchVisualInfo(x_display, screen, xdepth, TrueColor, &visualInfo))
                                        visual_found = true;
                                break;
                        default:
                                D(bug("  not a supported depth\n"));
                                break;
                }
        }
        if (!visual_found)
                return false;

        // Visual was found
        vis = visualInfo.visual;
        color_class = visualInfo.c_class;
        D(bug(" found visual ID 0x%02x, depth %d, class ", visualInfo.visualid, xdepth));
#if DEBUG
        switch (color_class) {
                case StaticGray: D(bug("StaticGray\n")); break;
                case GrayScale: D(bug("GrayScale\n")); break;
                case StaticColor: D(bug("StaticColor\n")); break;
                case PseudoColor: D(bug("PseudoColor\n")); break;
                case TrueColor: D(bug("TrueColor\n")); break;
                case DirectColor: D(bug("DirectColor\n")); break;
        }
#endif
        return true;
}

// Add mode to list of supported modes
static void add_mode(uint32 width, uint32 height, uint32 resolution_id, uint32 bytes_per_row, video_depth depth)
{
        video_mode mode;
        mode.x = width;
        mode.y = height;
        mode.resolution_id = resolution_id;
        mode.bytes_per_row = bytes_per_row;
        mode.depth = depth;
        VideoModes.push_back(mode);
}

// Add standard list of windowed modes for given color depth
static void add_window_modes(video_depth depth)
{
        add_mode(512, 384, 0x80, TrivialBytesPerRow(512, depth), depth);
        add_mode(640, 480, 0x81, TrivialBytesPerRow(640, depth), depth);
        add_mode(800, 600, 0x82, TrivialBytesPerRow(800, depth), depth);
        add_mode(1024, 768, 0x83, TrivialBytesPerRow(1024, depth), depth);
        add_mode(1152, 870, 0x84, TrivialBytesPerRow(1152, depth), depth);
        add_mode(1280, 1024, 0x85, TrivialBytesPerRow(1280, depth), depth);
        add_mode(1600, 1200, 0x86, TrivialBytesPerRow(1600, depth), depth);
}

// Set Mac frame layout and base address (uses the_buffer/MacFrameBaseMac)
static void set_mac_frame_buffer(X11_monitor_desc &monitor, video_depth depth, bool native_byte_order)
{
#if !REAL_ADDRESSING && !DIRECT_ADDRESSING
        int layout = FLAYOUT_DIRECT;
        if (depth == VDEPTH_16BIT)
                layout = (xdepth == 15) ? FLAYOUT_HOST_555 : FLAYOUT_HOST_565;
        else if (depth == VDEPTH_32BIT)
                layout = (xdepth == 24) ? FLAYOUT_HOST_888 : FLAYOUT_DIRECT;
        if (native_byte_order)
                MacFrameLayout = layout;
        else
                MacFrameLayout = FLAYOUT_DIRECT;
        monitor.set_mac_frame_base(MacFrameBaseMac);

        // Set variables used by UAE memory banking
        const video_mode &mode = monitor.get_current_mode();
        MacFrameBaseHost = the_buffer;
        MacFrameSize = mode.bytes_per_row * mode.y;
        InitFrameBufferMapping();
#else
        monitor.set_mac_frame_base(Host2MacAddr(the_buffer));
#endif
        D(bug("monitor.mac_frame_base = %08x\n", monitor.get_mac_frame_base()));
}

// Set window name and class
static void set_window_name(Window w, int name)
{
        const char *str = GetString(name);
        XStoreName(x_display, w, str);
        XSetIconName(x_display, w, str);

        XClassHint *hints;
        hints = XAllocClassHint();
        if (hints) {
                hints->res_name = "BasiliskII";
                hints->res_class = "BasiliskII";
                XSetClassHint(x_display, w, hints);
                XFree(hints);
        }
}

// Set window input focus flag
static void set_window_focus(Window w)
{
        XWMHints *hints = XAllocWMHints();
        if (hints) {
                hints->input = True;
                hints->initial_state = NormalState;
                hints->flags = InputHint | StateHint;
                XSetWMHints(x_display, w, hints);
                XFree(hints);
        }
}

// Set WM_DELETE_WINDOW protocol on window (preventing it from being destroyed by the WM when clicking on the "close" widget)
static Atom WM_DELETE_WINDOW = (Atom)0;
static void set_window_delete_protocol(Window w)
{
        WM_DELETE_WINDOW = XInternAtom(x_display, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", false);
        XSetWMProtocols(x_display, w, &WM_DELETE_WINDOW, 1);
}

// Wait until window is mapped/unmapped
void wait_mapped(Window w)
{
        XEvent e;
        do {
                XMaskEvent(x_display, StructureNotifyMask, &e);
        } while ((e.type != MapNotify) || (e.xmap.event != w));
}

void wait_unmapped(Window w)
{
        XEvent e;
        do {
                XMaskEvent(x_display, StructureNotifyMask, &e);
        } while ((e.type != UnmapNotify) || (e.xmap.event != w));
}

// Trap SHM errors
static bool shm_error = false;
static int (*old_error_handler)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);

static int error_handler(Display *d, XErrorEvent *e)
{
        if (e->error_code == BadAccess) {
                shm_error = true;
                return 0;
        } else
                return old_error_handler(d, e);
}


/*
 *  Display "driver" classes
 */

class driver_base {
public:
        driver_base(X11_monitor_desc &m);
        virtual ~driver_base();

        virtual void update_palette(void);
        virtual void suspend(void) {}
        virtual void resume(void) {}
        virtual void toggle_mouse_grab(void) {}
        virtual void mouse_moved(int x, int y) { ADBMouseMoved(x, y); }

        void disable_mouse_accel(void);
        void restore_mouse_accel(void);

        virtual void grab_mouse(void) {}
        virtual void ungrab_mouse(void) {}

public:
        X11_monitor_desc &monitor; // Associated video monitor
        const video_mode &mode;    // Video mode handled by the driver

        bool init_ok;   // Initialization succeeded (we can't use exceptions because of -fomit-frame-pointer)
        Window w;               // The window we draw into

        int orig_accel_numer, orig_accel_denom, orig_threshold; // Original mouse acceleration
};

class driver_window;
static void update_display_window_vosf(driver_window *drv);
static void update_display_dynamic(int ticker, driver_window *drv);
static void update_display_static(driver_window *drv);

class driver_window : public driver_base {
        friend void update_display_window_vosf(driver_window *drv);
        friend void update_display_dynamic(int ticker, driver_window *drv);
        friend void update_display_static(driver_window *drv);

public:
        driver_window(X11_monitor_desc &monitor);
        ~driver_window();

        void toggle_mouse_grab(void);
        void mouse_moved(int x, int y);

        void grab_mouse(void);
        void ungrab_mouse(void);

private:
        GC gc;
        XImage *img;
        bool have_shm;                                  // Flag: SHM extensions available
        XShmSegmentInfo shminfo;
        Cursor mac_cursor;
        bool mouse_grabbed;                             // Flag: mouse pointer grabbed, using relative mouse mode
        int mouse_last_x, mouse_last_y; // Last mouse position (for relative mode)
};

static driver_base *drv = NULL; // Pointer to currently used driver object

#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
# include "video_vosf.h"
#endif

driver_base::driver_base(X11_monitor_desc &m)
 : monitor(m), mode(m.get_current_mode()), init_ok(false), w(0)
{
        the_buffer = NULL;
        the_buffer_copy = NULL;
        XGetPointerControl(x_display, &orig_accel_numer, &orig_accel_denom, &orig_threshold);
}

driver_base::~driver_base()
{
        ungrab_mouse();
        restore_mouse_accel();

        if (w) {
                XUnmapWindow(x_display, w);
                wait_unmapped(w);
                XDestroyWindow(x_display, w);
        }

        XFlush(x_display);
        XSync(x_display, false);

        // Free frame buffer(s)
        if (!use_vosf) {
                if (the_buffer) {
                        free(the_buffer);
                        the_buffer = NULL;
                }
                if (the_buffer_copy) {
                        free(the_buffer_copy);
                        the_buffer_copy = NULL;
                }
        }
#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
        else {
                // the_buffer shall always be mapped through vm_acquire() so that we can vm_protect() it at will
                if (the_buffer != VM_MAP_FAILED) {
                        D(bug(" releasing the_buffer at %p (%d bytes)\n", the_buffer, the_buffer_size));
                        vm_release(the_buffer, the_buffer_size);
                        the_buffer = NULL;
                }
                if (the_host_buffer) {
                        D(bug(" freeing the_host_buffer at %p\n", the_host_buffer));
                        free(the_host_buffer);
                        the_host_buffer = NULL;
                }
                if (the_buffer_copy) {
                        D(bug(" freeing the_buffer_copy at %p\n", the_buffer_copy));
                        free(the_buffer_copy);
                        the_buffer_copy = NULL;
                }
        }
#endif
}

// Palette has changed
void driver_base::update_palette(void)
{
        if (color_class == PseudoColor || color_class == DirectColor) {
                int num = vis->map_entries;
                if (!IsDirectMode(monitor.get_current_mode()) && color_class == DirectColor)
                        return; // Indexed mode on true color screen, don't set CLUT
                XStoreColors(x_display, cmap[0], x_palette, num);
                XStoreColors(x_display, cmap[1], x_palette, num);
        }
        XSync(x_display, false);
}

// Disable mouse acceleration
void driver_base::disable_mouse_accel(void)
{
        XChangePointerControl(x_display, True, False, 1, 1, 0);
}

// Restore mouse acceleration to original value
void driver_base::restore_mouse_accel(void)
{
        XChangePointerControl(x_display, True, True, orig_accel_numer, orig_accel_denom, orig_threshold);
}


/*
 *  Windowed display driver
 */

// Open display
driver_window::driver_window(X11_monitor_desc &m)
 : driver_base(m), gc(0), img(NULL), have_shm(false), mac_cursor(0), mouse_grabbed(false)
{
        int width = mode.x, height = mode.y;
        int aligned_width = (width + 15) & ~15;
        int aligned_height = (height + 15) & ~15;

        // Set absolute mouse mode
        ADBSetRelMouseMode(mouse_grabbed);

        // Create window (setting background_pixel, border_pixel and colormap is
        // mandatory when using a non-default visual; in 1-bit mode we use the
        // default visual, so we can also use the default colormap)
        XSetWindowAttributes wattr;
        wattr.event_mask = eventmask = win_eventmask;
        wattr.background_pixel = (vis == DefaultVisual(x_display, screen) ? black_pixel : 0);
        wattr.border_pixel = 0;
        wattr.colormap = (mode.depth == VDEPTH_1BIT ? DefaultColormap(x_display, screen) : cmap[0]);
        w = XCreateWindow(x_display, rootwin, 0, 0, width, height, 0, xdepth,
                InputOutput, vis, CWEventMask | CWBackPixel | CWBorderPixel | CWColormap, &wattr);
        D(bug(" window created\n"));

        // Set window name/class
        set_window_name(w, STR_WINDOW_TITLE);

        // Indicate that we want keyboard input
        set_window_focus(w);

        // Set delete protocol property
        set_window_delete_protocol(w);

        // Make window unresizable
        {
                XSizeHints *hints = XAllocSizeHints();
                if (hints) {
                        hints->min_width = width;
                        hints->max_width = width;
                        hints->min_height = height;
                        hints->max_height = height;
                        hints->flags = PMinSize | PMaxSize;
                        XSetWMNormalHints(x_display, w, hints);
                        XFree(hints);
                }
        }
        D(bug(" window attributes set\n"));
        
        // Show window
        XMapWindow(x_display, w);
        wait_mapped(w);
        D(bug(" window mapped\n"));

        // 1-bit mode is big-endian; if the X server is little-endian, we can't
        // use SHM because that doesn't allow changing the image byte order
        bool need_msb_image = (mode.depth == VDEPTH_1BIT && XImageByteOrder(x_display) == LSBFirst);

        // Try to create and attach SHM image
        if (local_X11 && !need_msb_image && XShmQueryExtension(x_display)) {

                // Create SHM image ("height + 2" for safety)
                img = XShmCreateImage(x_display, vis, mode.depth == VDEPTH_1BIT ? 1 : xdepth, mode.depth == VDEPTH_1BIT ? XYBitmap : ZPixmap, 0, &shminfo, width, height);
                D(bug(" shm image created\n"));
                shminfo.shmid = shmget(IPC_PRIVATE, (aligned_height + 2) * img->bytes_per_line, IPC_CREAT | 0777);
                the_buffer_copy = (uint8 *)shmat(shminfo.shmid, 0, 0);
                shminfo.shmaddr = img->data = (char *)the_buffer_copy;
                shminfo.readOnly = False;

                // Try to attach SHM image, catching errors
                shm_error = false;
                old_error_handler = XSetErrorHandler(error_handler);
                XShmAttach(x_display, &shminfo);
                XSync(x_display, false);
                XSetErrorHandler(old_error_handler);
                if (shm_error) {
                        shmdt(shminfo.shmaddr);
                        XDestroyImage(img);
                        img = NULL;
                        shminfo.shmid = -1;
                } else {
                        have_shm = true;
                        shmctl(shminfo.shmid, IPC_RMID, 0);
                }
                D(bug(" shm image attached\n"));
        }
        
        // Create normal X image if SHM doesn't work ("height + 2" for safety)
        if (!have_shm) {
                int bytes_per_row = (mode.depth == VDEPTH_1BIT ? aligned_width/8 : TrivialBytesPerRow(aligned_width, DepthModeForPixelDepth(xdepth)));
                the_buffer_copy = (uint8 *)malloc((aligned_height + 2) * bytes_per_row);
                img = XCreateImage(x_display, vis, mode.depth == VDEPTH_1BIT ? 1 : xdepth, mode.depth == VDEPTH_1BIT ? XYBitmap : ZPixmap, 0, (char *)the_buffer_copy, aligned_width, aligned_height, 32, bytes_per_row);
                D(bug(" X image created\n"));
        }

        if (need_msb_image) {
                img->byte_order = MSBFirst;
                img->bitmap_bit_order = MSBFirst;
        }

#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
        use_vosf = true;
        // Allocate memory for frame buffer (SIZE is extended to page-boundary)
        the_host_buffer = the_buffer_copy;
        the_buffer_size = page_extend((aligned_height + 2) * img->bytes_per_line);
        the_buffer = (uint8 *)vm_acquire(the_buffer_size);
        the_buffer_copy = (uint8 *)malloc(the_buffer_size);
        D(bug("the_buffer = %p, the_buffer_copy = %p, the_host_buffer = %p\n", the_buffer, the_buffer_copy, the_host_buffer));
#else
        // Allocate memory for frame buffer
        the_buffer = (uint8 *)malloc((aligned_height + 2) * img->bytes_per_line);
        D(bug("the_buffer = %p, the_buffer_copy = %p\n", the_buffer, the_buffer_copy));
#endif

        // Create GC
        gc = XCreateGC(x_display, w, 0, 0);
        XSetState(x_display, gc, black_pixel, white_pixel, GXcopy, AllPlanes);

        // Create no_cursor
        mac_cursor = XCreatePixmapCursor(x_display,
           XCreatePixmap(x_display, w, 1, 1, 1),
           XCreatePixmap(x_display, w, 1, 1, 1),
           &black, &white, 0, 0);
        XDefineCursor(x_display, w, mac_cursor);

        // Init blitting routines
        bool native_byte_order;
#ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
        native_byte_order = (XImageByteOrder(x_display) == MSBFirst);
#else
        native_byte_order = (XImageByteOrder(x_display) == LSBFirst);
#endif
#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
        Screen_blitter_init(&visualInfo, native_byte_order, depth_of_video_mode(mode));
#endif

        // Set frame buffer base
        set_mac_frame_buffer(monitor, mode.depth, native_byte_order);

        // Everything went well
        init_ok = true;
}

// Close display
driver_window::~driver_window()
{
        if (have_shm) {
                XShmDetach(x_display, &shminfo);
#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
                the_host_buffer = NULL; // don't free() in driver_base dtor
#else
                the_buffer_copy = NULL; // don't free() in driver_base dtor
#endif
        }
        if (img) {
                if (!have_shm)
                        img->data = NULL;
                XDestroyImage(img);
        }
        if (have_shm) {
                shmdt(shminfo.shmaddr);
                shmctl(shminfo.shmid, IPC_RMID, 0);
        }
        if (gc)
                XFreeGC(x_display, gc);
}

// Toggle mouse grab
void driver_window::toggle_mouse_grab(void)
{
        if (mouse_grabbed)
                ungrab_mouse();
        else
                grab_mouse();
}

// Grab mouse, switch to relative mouse mode
void driver_window::grab_mouse(void)
{
        int result;
        for (int i=0; i<10; i++) {
                result = XGrabPointer(x_display, w, True, 0,
                        GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync, w, None, CurrentTime);
                if (result != AlreadyGrabbed)
                        break;
                Delay_usec(100000);
        }
        if (result == GrabSuccess) {
                XStoreName(x_display, w, GetString(STR_WINDOW_TITLE_GRABBED));
                ADBSetRelMouseMode(mouse_grabbed = true);
                disable_mouse_accel();
        }
}

// Ungrab mouse, switch to absolute mouse mode
void driver_window::ungrab_mouse(void)
{
        if (mouse_grabbed) {
                XUngrabPointer(x_display, CurrentTime);
                XStoreName(x_display, w, GetString(STR_WINDOW_TITLE));
                ADBSetRelMouseMode(mouse_grabbed = false);
                restore_mouse_accel();
        }
}

// Mouse moved
void driver_window::mouse_moved(int x, int y)
{
        if (!mouse_grabbed) {
                mouse_last_x = x; mouse_last_y = y;
                ADBMouseMoved(x, y);
                return;
        }

        // Warped mouse motion (this code is taken from SDL)

        // Post first mouse event
        int width = monitor.get_current_mode().x, height = monitor.get_current_mode().y;
        int delta_x = x - mouse_last_x, delta_y = y - mouse_last_y;
        mouse_last_x = x; mouse_last_y = y;
        ADBMouseMoved(delta_x, delta_y);

        // Only warp the pointer when it has reached the edge
        const int MOUSE_FUDGE_FACTOR = 8;
        if (x < MOUSE_FUDGE_FACTOR || x > (width - MOUSE_FUDGE_FACTOR)
         || y < MOUSE_FUDGE_FACTOR || y > (height - MOUSE_FUDGE_FACTOR)) {
                XEvent event;
                while (XCheckTypedEvent(x_display, MotionNotify, &event)) {
                        delta_x = x - mouse_last_x; delta_y = y - mouse_last_y;
                        mouse_last_x = x; mouse_last_y = y;
                        ADBMouseMoved(delta_x, delta_y);
                }
                mouse_last_x = width/2;
                mouse_last_y = height/2;
                XWarpPointer(x_display, None, w, 0, 0, 0, 0, mouse_last_x, mouse_last_y);
                for (int i=0; i<10; i++) {
                        XMaskEvent(x_display, PointerMotionMask, &event);
                        if (event.xmotion.x > (mouse_last_x - MOUSE_FUDGE_FACTOR)
                         && event.xmotion.x < (mouse_last_x + MOUSE_FUDGE_FACTOR)
                         && event.xmotion.y > (mouse_last_y - MOUSE_FUDGE_FACTOR)
                         && event.xmotion.y < (mouse_last_y + MOUSE_FUDGE_FACTOR))
                                break;
                }
        }
}


#if defined(ENABLE_XF86_DGA) || defined(ENABLE_FBDEV_DGA)
/*
 *  DGA display driver base class
 */

class driver_dga : public driver_base {
public:
        driver_dga(X11_monitor_desc &monitor);
        ~driver_dga();

        void suspend(void);
        void resume(void);

private:
        Window suspend_win;             // "Suspend" information window
        void *fb_save;                  // Saved frame buffer for suspend/resume
};

driver_dga::driver_dga(X11_monitor_desc &m)
 : driver_base(m), suspend_win(0), fb_save(NULL)
{
}

driver_dga::~driver_dga()
{
        XUngrabPointer(x_display, CurrentTime);
        XUngrabKeyboard(x_display, CurrentTime);
}

// Suspend emulation
void driver_dga::suspend(void)
{
        // Release ctrl key
        ADBKeyUp(0x36);
        ctrl_down = false;

        // Lock frame buffer (this will stop the MacOS thread)
        LOCK_FRAME_BUFFER;

        // Save frame buffer
        fb_save = malloc(mode.y * mode.bytes_per_row);
        if (fb_save)
                memcpy(fb_save, the_buffer, mode.y * mode.bytes_per_row);

        // Close full screen display
#ifdef ENABLE_XF86_DGA
        XF86DGADirectVideo(x_display, screen, 0);
#endif
        XUngrabPointer(x_display, CurrentTime);
        XUngrabKeyboard(x_display, CurrentTime);
        restore_mouse_accel();
        XUnmapWindow(x_display, w);
        wait_unmapped(w);

        // Open "suspend" window
        XSetWindowAttributes wattr;
        wattr.event_mask = KeyPressMask;
        wattr.background_pixel = black_pixel;
                
        suspend_win = XCreateWindow(x_display, rootwin, 0, 0, 512, 1, 0, xdepth,
                InputOutput, vis, CWEventMask | CWBackPixel, &wattr);
        set_window_name(suspend_win, STR_SUSPEND_WINDOW_TITLE);
        set_window_focus(suspend_win);
        XMapWindow(x_display, suspend_win);
        emul_suspended = true;
}

// Resume emulation
void driver_dga::resume(void)
{
        // Close "suspend" window
        XDestroyWindow(x_display, suspend_win);
        XSync(x_display, false);

        // Reopen full screen display
        XMapRaised(x_display, w);
        wait_mapped(w);
        XWarpPointer(x_display, None, rootwin, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
        XGrabKeyboard(x_display, rootwin, True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync, CurrentTime);
        XGrabPointer(x_display, rootwin, True, PointerMotionMask | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync, None, None, CurrentTime);
        disable_mouse_accel();
#ifdef ENABLE_XF86_DGA
        XF86DGADirectVideo(x_display, screen, XF86DGADirectGraphics | XF86DGADirectKeyb | XF86DGADirectMouse);
        XF86DGASetViewPort(x_display, screen, 0, 0);
#endif
        XSync(x_display, false);
        
        // the_buffer already contains the data to restore. i.e. since a temporary
        // frame buffer is used when VOSF is actually used, fb_save is therefore
        // not necessary.
#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
        if (use_vosf) {
                LOCK_VOSF;
                PFLAG_SET_ALL;
                UNLOCK_VOSF;
                memset(the_buffer_copy, 0, mode.bytes_per_row * mode.y);
        }
#endif
        
        // Restore frame buffer
        if (fb_save) {
#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
                // Don't copy fb_save to the temporary frame buffer in VOSF mode
                if (!use_vosf)
#endif
                memcpy(the_buffer, fb_save, mode.y * mode.bytes_per_row);
                free(fb_save);
                fb_save = NULL;
        }
        
        // Unlock frame buffer (and continue MacOS thread)
        UNLOCK_FRAME_BUFFER;
        emul_suspended = false;
}
#endif


#ifdef ENABLE_FBDEV_DGA
/*
 *  fbdev DGA display driver
 */

const char FBDEVICES_FILE_NAME[] = DATADIR "/fbdevices";
const char FBDEVICE_FILE_NAME[] = "/dev/fb";

class driver_fbdev : public driver_dga {
public:
        driver_fbdev(X11_monitor_desc &monitor);
        ~driver_fbdev();
};

// Open display
driver_fbdev::driver_fbdev(X11_monitor_desc &m) : driver_dga(m)
{
        int width = mode.x, height = mode.y;

        // Set absolute mouse mode
        ADBSetRelMouseMode(false);
        
        // Find the maximum depth available
        int ndepths, max_depth(0);
        int *depths = XListDepths(x_display, screen, &ndepths);
        if (depths == NULL) {
                printf("FATAL: Could not determine the maximal depth available\n");
                return;
        } else {
                while (ndepths-- > 0) {
                        if (depths[ndepths] > max_depth)
                                max_depth = depths[ndepths];
                }
        }
        
        // Get fbdevices file path from preferences
        const char *fbd_path = PrefsFindString("fbdevicefile");
        
        // Open fbdevices file
        FILE *fp = fopen(fbd_path ? fbd_path : FBDEVICES_FILE_NAME, "r");
        if (fp == NULL) {
                char str[256];
                sprintf(str, GetString(STR_NO_FBDEVICE_FILE_ERR), fbd_path ? fbd_path : FBDEVICES_FILE_NAME, strerror(errno));
                ErrorAlert(str);
                return;
        }
        
        int fb_depth;           // supported depth
        uint32 fb_offset;       // offset used for mmap(2)
        char fb_name[20];
        char line[256];
        bool device_found = false;
        while (fgets(line, 255, fp)) {
                // Read line
                int len = strlen(line);
                if (len == 0)
                        continue;
                line[len - 1] = '\0';
                
                // Comments begin with "#" or ";"
                if ((line[0] == '#') || (line[0] == ';') || (line[0] == '\0'))
                        continue;
                
                if ((sscanf(line, "%19s %d %x", fb_name, &fb_depth, &fb_offset) == 3)
                 && (strcmp(fb_name, fb_name) == 0) && (fb_depth == max_depth)) {
                        device_found = true;
                        break;
                }
        }
        
        // fbdevices file completely read
        fclose(fp);
        
        // Frame buffer name not found ? Then, display warning
        if (!device_found) {
                char str[256];
                sprintf(str, GetString(STR_FBDEV_NAME_ERR), fb_name, max_depth);
                ErrorAlert(str);
                return;
        }
        
        // Create window
        XSetWindowAttributes wattr;
        wattr.event_mask = eventmask = dga_eventmask;
        wattr.background_pixel = white_pixel;
        wattr.override_redirect = True;
        wattr.colormap = cmap[0];
        
        w = XCreateWindow(x_display, rootwin,
                0, 0, width, height,
                0, xdepth, InputOutput, vis,
                CWEventMask | CWBackPixel | CWOverrideRedirect | (fb_depth <= 8 ? CWColormap : 0),
                &wattr);

        // Set window name/class
        set_window_name(w, STR_WINDOW_TITLE);

        // Indicate that we want keyboard input
        set_window_focus(w);

        // Show window
        XMapRaised(x_display, w);
        wait_mapped(w);
        
        // Grab mouse and keyboard
        XGrabKeyboard(x_display, w, True,
                GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync, CurrentTime);
        XGrabPointer(x_display, w, True,
                PointerMotionMask | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask,
                GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync, w, None, CurrentTime);
        disable_mouse_accel();
        
        // Calculate bytes per row
        int bytes_per_row = TrivialBytesPerRow(mode.x, mode.depth);
        
        // Map frame buffer
        the_buffer_size = height * bytes_per_row;
        if ((the_buffer = (uint8 *) mmap(NULL, the_buffer_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, fbdev_fd, fb_offset)) == MAP_FAILED) {
                if ((the_buffer = (uint8 *) mmap(NULL, the_buffer_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fbdev_fd, fb_offset)) == MAP_FAILED) {
                        char str[256];
                        sprintf(str, GetString(STR_FBDEV_MMAP_ERR), strerror(errno));
                        ErrorAlert(str);
                        return;
                }
        }
        
#if ENABLE_VOSF
#if REAL_ADDRESSING || DIRECT_ADDRESSING
        // Screen_blitter_init() returns TRUE if VOSF is mandatory
        // i.e. the framebuffer update function is not Blit_Copy_Raw
        use_vosf = Screen_blitter_init(&visualInfo, true, mode.depth);
        
        if (use_vosf) {
          // Allocate memory for frame buffer (SIZE is extended to page-boundary)
          the_host_buffer = the_buffer;
          the_buffer_size = page_extend((height + 2) * bytes_per_row);
          the_buffer_copy = (uint8 *)malloc(the_buffer_size);
          the_buffer = (uint8 *)vm_acquire(the_buffer_size);
        }
#else
        use_vosf = false;
#endif
#endif
        
        // Set frame buffer base
        const_cast<video_mode *>(&mode)->bytes_per_row = bytes_per_row;
        const_cast<video_mode *>(&mode)->depth = DepthModeForPixelDepth(fb_depth);
        set_mac_frame_buffer(monitor, mode.depth, true);

        // Everything went well
        init_ok = true;
}

// Close display
driver_fbdev::~driver_fbdev()
{
        if (!use_vosf) {
                if (the_buffer != MAP_FAILED) {
                        // don't free() the screen buffer in driver_base dtor
                        munmap(the_buffer, the_buffer_size);
                        the_buffer = NULL;
                }
        }
#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
        else {
                if (the_host_buffer != MAP_FAILED) {
                        // don't free() the screen buffer in driver_base dtor
                        munmap(the_host_buffer, the_buffer_size);
                        the_host_buffer = NULL;
                }
        }
#endif
}
#endif


#ifdef ENABLE_XF86_DGA
/*
 *  XFree86 DGA display driver
 */

class driver_xf86dga : public driver_dga {
public:
        driver_xf86dga(X11_monitor_desc &monitor);
        ~driver_xf86dga();

        void update_palette(void);
        void resume(void);

private:
        int current_dga_cmap;                                   // Number (0 or 1) of currently installed DGA colormap
};

// Open display
driver_xf86dga::driver_xf86dga(X11_monitor_desc &m)
 : driver_dga(m), current_dga_cmap(0)
{
        int width = mode.x, height = mode.y;

        // Set relative mouse mode
        ADBSetRelMouseMode(true);

#ifdef ENABLE_XF86_VIDMODE
        // Switch to best mode
        if (has_vidmode) {
                int best = 0;
                for (int i=1; i<num_x_video_modes; i++) {
                        if (x_video_modes[i]->hdisplay >= width && x_video_modes[i]->vdisplay >= height &&
                                x_video_modes[i]->hdisplay <= x_video_modes[best]->hdisplay && x_video_modes[i]->vdisplay <= x_video_modes[best]->vdisplay) {
                                best = i;
                        }
                }
                XF86VidModeSwitchToMode(x_display, screen, x_video_modes[best]);
                XF86VidModeSetViewPort(x_display, screen, 0, 0);
                XSync(x_display, false);
        }
#endif

        // Create window
        XSetWindowAttributes wattr;
        wattr.event_mask = eventmask = dga_eventmask;
        wattr.override_redirect = True;
        wattr.colormap = (mode.depth == VDEPTH_1BIT ? DefaultColormap(x_display, screen) : cmap[0]);

        w = XCreateWindow(x_display, rootwin, 0, 0, width, height, 0, xdepth,
                InputOutput, vis, CWEventMask | CWOverrideRedirect |
                (color_class == DirectColor ? CWColormap : 0), &wattr);

        // Set window name/class
        set_window_name(w, STR_WINDOW_TITLE);

        // Indicate that we want keyboard input
        set_window_focus(w);

        // Show window
        XMapRaised(x_display, w);
        wait_mapped(w);

        // Establish direct screen connection
        XMoveResizeWindow(x_display, w, 0, 0, width, height);
        XWarpPointer(x_display, None, rootwin, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
        XGrabKeyboard(x_display, rootwin, True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync, CurrentTime);
        XGrabPointer(x_display, rootwin, True, PointerMotionMask | ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync, None, None, CurrentTime);
        disable_mouse_accel();

        int v_width, v_bank, v_size;
        XF86DGAGetVideo(x_display, screen, (char **)&the_buffer, &v_width, &v_bank, &v_size);
        XF86DGADirectVideo(x_display, screen, XF86DGADirectGraphics | XF86DGADirectKeyb | XF86DGADirectMouse);
        XF86DGASetViewPort(x_display, screen, 0, 0);
        XF86DGASetVidPage(x_display, screen, 0);

        // Set colormap
        if (!IsDirectMode(mode)) {
                XSetWindowColormap(x_display, w, cmap[current_dga_cmap = 0]);
                XF86DGAInstallColormap(x_display, screen, cmap[current_dga_cmap]);
        }
        XSync(x_display, false);

        // Init blitting routines
        int bytes_per_row = TrivialBytesPerRow((v_width + 7) & ~7, mode.depth);
#if ENABLE_VOSF
        bool native_byte_order;
#ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
        native_byte_order = (XImageByteOrder(x_display) == MSBFirst);
#else
        native_byte_order = (XImageByteOrder(x_display) == LSBFirst);
#endif
#if REAL_ADDRESSING || DIRECT_ADDRESSING
        // Screen_blitter_init() returns TRUE if VOSF is mandatory
        // i.e. the framebuffer update function is not Blit_Copy_Raw
        use_vosf = Screen_blitter_init(&visualInfo, native_byte_order, depth_of_video_mode(mode));
        
        if (use_vosf) {
          // Allocate memory for frame buffer (SIZE is extended to page-boundary)
          the_host_buffer = the_buffer;
          the_buffer_size = page_extend((height + 2) * bytes_per_row);
          the_buffer_copy = (uint8 *)malloc(the_buffer_size);
          the_buffer = (uint8 *)vm_acquire(the_buffer_size);
        }
#else
        use_vosf = false;
#endif
#endif
        
        // Set frame buffer base
        const_cast<video_mode *>(&mode)->bytes_per_row = bytes_per_row;
        set_mac_frame_buffer(monitor, mode.depth, true);

        // Everything went well
        init_ok = true;
}

// Close display
driver_xf86dga::~driver_xf86dga()
{
        XF86DGADirectVideo(x_display, screen, 0);
        if (!use_vosf) {
                // don't free() the screen buffer in driver_base dtor
                the_buffer = NULL;
        }
#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
        else {
                // don't free() the screen buffer in driver_base dtor
                the_host_buffer = NULL;
        }
#endif
#ifdef ENABLE_XF86_VIDMODE
        if (has_vidmode)
                XF86VidModeSwitchToMode(x_display, screen, x_video_modes[0]);
#endif
}

// Palette has changed
void driver_xf86dga::update_palette(void)
{
        driver_dga::update_palette();
        current_dga_cmap ^= 1;
        if (!IsDirectMode(monitor.get_current_mode()) && cmap[current_dga_cmap])
                XF86DGAInstallColormap(x_display, screen, cmap[current_dga_cmap]);
}

// Resume emulation
void driver_xf86dga::resume(void)
{
        driver_dga::resume();
        if (!IsDirectMode(monitor.get_current_mode()))
                XF86DGAInstallColormap(x_display, screen, cmap[current_dga_cmap]);
}
#endif


/*
 *  Initialization
 */

// Init keycode translation table
static void keycode_init(void)
{
        bool use_kc = PrefsFindBool("keycodes");
        if (use_kc) {

                // Get keycode file path from preferences
                const char *kc_path = PrefsFindString("keycodefile");

                // Open keycode table
                FILE *f = fopen(kc_path ? kc_path : KEYCODE_FILE_NAME, "r");
                if (f == NULL) {
                        char str[256];
                        sprintf(str, GetString(STR_KEYCODE_FILE_WARN), kc_path ? kc_path : KEYCODE_FILE_NAME, strerror(errno));
                        WarningAlert(str);
                        return;
                }

                // Default translation table
                for (int i=0; i<256; i++)
                        keycode_table[i] = -1;

                // Search for server vendor string, then read keycodes
                const char *vendor = ServerVendor(x_display);
                bool vendor_found = false;
                char line[256];
                while (fgets(line, 255, f)) {
                        // Read line
                        int len = strlen(line);
                        if (len == 0)
                                continue;
                        line[len-1] = 0;

                        // Comments begin with "#" or ";"
                        if (line[0] == '#' || line[0] == ';' || line[0] == 0)
                                continue;

                        if (vendor_found) {
                                // Read keycode
                                int x_code, mac_code;
                                if (sscanf(line, "%d %d", &x_code, &mac_code) == 2)
                                        keycode_table[x_code & 0xff] = mac_code;
                                else
                                        break;
                        } else {
                                // Search for vendor string
                                if (strstr(vendor, line) == vendor)
                                        vendor_found = true;
                        }
                }

                // Keycode file completely read
                fclose(f);
                use_keycodes = vendor_found;

                // Vendor not found? Then display warning
                if (!vendor_found) {
                        char str[256];
                        sprintf(str, GetString(STR_KEYCODE_VENDOR_WARN), vendor, kc_path ? kc_path : KEYCODE_FILE_NAME);
                        WarningAlert(str);
                        return;
                }
        }
}

// Open display for current mode
bool X11_monitor_desc::video_open(void)
{
        D(bug("video_open()\n"));
        const video_mode &mode = get_current_mode();

        // Find best available X visual
        if (!find_visual_for_depth(mode.depth)) {
                ErrorAlert(STR_NO_XVISUAL_ERR);
                return false;
        }

        // Create color maps
        if (color_class == PseudoColor || color_class == DirectColor) {
                cmap[0] = XCreateColormap(x_display, rootwin, vis, AllocAll);
                cmap[1] = XCreateColormap(x_display, rootwin, vis, AllocAll);
        } else {
                cmap[0] = XCreateColormap(x_display, rootwin, vis, AllocNone);
                cmap[1] = XCreateColormap(x_display, rootwin, vis, AllocNone);
        }

        // Find pixel format of direct modes
        if (color_class == DirectColor || color_class == TrueColor) {
                rshift = gshift = bshift = 0;
                rloss = gloss = bloss = 8;
                uint32 mask;
                for (mask=vis->red_mask; !(mask&1); mask>>=1)
                        ++rshift;
                for (; mask&1; mask>>=1)
                        --rloss;
                for (mask=vis->green_mask; !(mask&1); mask>>=1)
                        ++gshift;
                for (; mask&1; mask>>=1)
                        --gloss;
                for (mask=vis->blue_mask; !(mask&1); mask>>=1)
                        ++bshift;
                for (; mask&1; mask>>=1)
                        --bloss;
        }

        // Preset palette pixel values for CLUT or gamma table
        if (color_class == DirectColor) {
                int num = vis->map_entries;
                for (int i=0; i<num; i++) {
                        int c = (i * 256) / num;
                        x_palette[i].pixel = map_rgb(c, c, c);
                        x_palette[i].flags = DoRed | DoGreen | DoBlue;
                }
        } else if (color_class == PseudoColor) {
                for (int i=0; i<256; i++) {
                        x_palette[i].pixel = i;
                        x_palette[i].flags = DoRed | DoGreen | DoBlue;
                }
        }

        // Load gray ramp to color map
        int num = (color_class == DirectColor ? vis->map_entries : 256);
        for (int i=0; i<num; i++) {
                int c = (i * 256) / num;
                x_palette[i].red = c * 0x0101;
                x_palette[i].green = c * 0x0101;
                x_palette[i].blue = c * 0x0101;
        }
        if (color_class == PseudoColor || color_class == DirectColor) {
                XStoreColors(x_display, cmap[0], x_palette, num);
                XStoreColors(x_display, cmap[1], x_palette, num);
        }

#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
        // Load gray ramp to 8->16/32 expand map
        if (!IsDirectMode(mode) && xdepth > 8)
                for (int i=0; i<256; i++)
                        ExpandMap[i] = map_rgb(i, i, i);
#endif

        // Create display driver object of requested type
        switch (display_type) {
                case DISPLAY_WINDOW:
                        drv = new driver_window(*this);
                        break;
#ifdef ENABLE_FBDEV_DGA
                case DISPLAY_DGA:
                        drv = new driver_fbdev(*this);
                        break;
#endif
#ifdef ENABLE_XF86_DGA
                case DISPLAY_DGA:
                        drv = new driver_xf86dga(*this);
                        break;
#endif
        }
        if (drv == NULL)
                return false;
        if (!drv->init_ok) {
                delete drv;
                drv = NULL;
                return false;
        }

#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
        if (use_vosf) {
                // Initialize the VOSF system
                if (!video_vosf_init(*this)) {
                        ErrorAlert(STR_VOSF_INIT_ERR);
                return false;
                }
        }
#endif
        
        // Initialize VideoRefresh function
        VideoRefreshInit();

        // Lock down frame buffer
        XSync(x_display, false);
        LOCK_FRAME_BUFFER;

        // Start redraw/input thread
#ifdef HAVE_PTHREADS
        redraw_thread_cancel = false;
        Set_pthread_attr(&redraw_thread_attr, 0);
        redraw_thread_active = (pthread_create(&redraw_thread, &redraw_thread_attr, redraw_func, NULL) == 0);
        if (!redraw_thread_active) {
                printf("FATAL: cannot create redraw thread\n");
                return false;
        }
#else
        redraw_thread_active = true;
#endif

        return true;
}

bool VideoInit(bool classic)
{
        classic_mode = classic;

#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
        // Zero the mainBuffer structure
        mainBuffer.dirtyPages = NULL;
        mainBuffer.pageInfo = NULL;
#endif
        
        // Check if X server runs on local machine
        local_X11 = (strncmp(XDisplayName(x_display_name), ":", 1) == 0)
                 || (strncmp(XDisplayName(x_display_name), "unix:", 5) == 0);
    
        // Init keycode translation
        keycode_init();

        // Read prefs
        frame_skip = PrefsFindInt32("frameskip");
        mouse_wheel_mode = PrefsFindInt32("mousewheelmode");
        mouse_wheel_lines = PrefsFindInt32("mousewheellines");

        // Find screen and root window
        screen = XDefaultScreen(x_display);
        rootwin = XRootWindow(x_display, screen);

        // Get sorted list of available depths
        avail_depths = XListDepths(x_display, screen, &num_depths);
        if (avail_depths == NULL) {
                ErrorAlert(STR_UNSUPP_DEPTH_ERR);
                return false;
        }
        std::sort(avail_depths, avail_depths + num_depths);
        
#ifdef ENABLE_FBDEV_DGA
        // Frame buffer name
        char fb_name[20];
        
        // Could do fbdev DGA?
        if ((fbdev_fd = open(FBDEVICE_FILE_NAME, O_RDWR)) != -1)
                has_dga = true;
        else
                has_dga = false;
#endif

#ifdef ENABLE_XF86_DGA
        // DGA available?
        int dga_event_base, dga_error_base;
        if (local_X11 && XF86DGAQueryExtension(x_display, &dga_event_base, &dga_error_base)) {
                int dga_flags = 0;
                XF86DGAQueryDirectVideo(x_display, screen, &dga_flags);
                has_dga = dga_flags & XF86DGADirectPresent;
        } else
                has_dga = false;
#endif

#ifdef ENABLE_XF86_VIDMODE
        // VidMode available?
        int vm_event_base, vm_error_base;
        has_vidmode = XF86VidModeQueryExtension(x_display, &vm_event_base, &vm_error_base);
        if (has_vidmode)
                XF86VidModeGetAllModeLines(x_display, screen, &num_x_video_modes, &x_video_modes);
#endif
        
        // Find black and white colors
        XParseColor(x_display, DefaultColormap(x_display, screen), "rgb:00/00/00", &black);
        XAllocColor(x_display, DefaultColormap(x_display, screen), &black);
        XParseColor(x_display, DefaultColormap(x_display, screen), "rgb:ff/ff/ff", &white);
        XAllocColor(x_display, DefaultColormap(x_display, screen), &white);
        black_pixel = BlackPixel(x_display, screen);
        white_pixel = WhitePixel(x_display, screen);

        // Get screen mode from preferences
        const char *mode_str;
        if (classic_mode)
                mode_str = "win/512/342";
        else
                mode_str = PrefsFindString("screen");

        // Determine display type and default dimensions
        int default_width = 512, default_height = 384;
        display_type = DISPLAY_WINDOW;
        if (mode_str) {
                if (sscanf(mode_str, "win/%d/%d", &default_width, &default_height) == 2) {
                        display_type = DISPLAY_WINDOW;
#ifdef ENABLE_FBDEV_DGA
                } else if (has_dga && sscanf(mode_str, "dga/%19s", fb_name) == 1) {
                        display_type = DISPLAY_DGA;
                        default_width = -1; default_height = -1; // use entire screen
#endif
#ifdef ENABLE_XF86_DGA
                } else if (has_dga && sscanf(mode_str, "dga/%d/%d", &default_width, &default_height) == 2) {
                        display_type = DISPLAY_DGA;
#endif
                }
        }
        if (default_width <= 0)
                default_width = DisplayWidth(x_display, screen);
        else if (default_width > DisplayWidth(x_display, screen))
                default_width = DisplayWidth(x_display, screen);
        if (default_height <= 0)
                default_height = DisplayHeight(x_display, screen);
        else if (default_height > DisplayHeight(x_display, screen))
                default_height = DisplayHeight(x_display, screen);

        // Mac screen depth follows X depth
        video_depth default_depth = VDEPTH_1BIT;
        switch (DefaultDepth(x_display, screen)) {
                case 8:
                        default_depth = VDEPTH_8BIT;
                        break;
                case 15: case 16:
                        default_depth = VDEPTH_16BIT;
                        break;
                case 24: case 32:
                        default_depth = VDEPTH_32BIT;
                        break;
        }

        // Construct list of supported modes
        if (display_type == DISPLAY_WINDOW) {
                if (classic)
                        add_mode(512, 342, 0x80, 64, VDEPTH_1BIT);
                else {
                        for (unsigned d=VDEPTH_1BIT; d<=VDEPTH_32BIT; d++) {
                                if (find_visual_for_depth(video_depth(d)))
                                        add_window_modes(video_depth(d));
                        }
                }
        } else
                add_mode(default_width, default_height, 0x80, TrivialBytesPerRow(default_width, default_depth), default_depth);
        if (VideoModes.empty()) {
                ErrorAlert(STR_NO_XVISUAL_ERR);
                return false;
        }

        // Find requested default mode with specified dimensions
        uint32 default_id;
        std::vector<video_mode>::const_iterator i, end = VideoModes.end();
        for (i = VideoModes.begin(); i != end; ++i) {
                if (i->x == default_width && i->y == default_height && i->depth == default_depth) {
                        default_id = i->resolution_id;
                        break;
                }
        }
        if (i == end) { // not found, use first available mode
                default_depth = VideoModes[0].depth;
                default_id = VideoModes[0].resolution_id;
        }

#if DEBUG
        D(bug("Available video modes:\n"));
        for (i = VideoModes.begin(); i != end; ++i) {
                int bits = 1 << i->depth;
                if (bits == 16)
                        bits = 15;
                else if (bits == 32)
                        bits = 24;
                D(bug(" %dx%d (ID %02x), %d colors\n", i->x, i->y, i->resolution_id, 1 << bits));
        }
#endif

        // Create X11_monitor_desc for this (the only) display
        X11_monitor_desc *monitor = new X11_monitor_desc(VideoModes, default_depth, default_id);
        VideoMonitors.push_back(monitor);

        // Open display
        return monitor->video_open();
}


/*
 *  Deinitialization
 */

// Close display
void X11_monitor_desc::video_close(void)
{
        D(bug("video_close()\n"));

        // Stop redraw thread
#ifdef HAVE_PTHREADS
        if (redraw_thread_active) {
                redraw_thread_cancel = true;
#ifdef HAVE_PTHREAD_CANCEL
                pthread_cancel(redraw_thread);
#endif
                pthread_join(redraw_thread, NULL);
        }
#endif
        redraw_thread_active = false;

        // Unlock frame buffer
        UNLOCK_FRAME_BUFFER;
        XSync(x_display, false);
        D(bug(" frame buffer unlocked\n"));

#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
        if (use_vosf) {
                // Deinitialize VOSF
                video_vosf_exit();
        }
#endif

        // Close display
        delete drv;
        drv = NULL;

        // Free colormaps
        if (cmap[0]) {
                XFreeColormap(x_display, cmap[0]);
                cmap[0] = 0;
        }
        if (cmap[1]) {
                XFreeColormap(x_display, cmap[1]);
                cmap[1] = 0;
        }
}

void VideoExit(void)
{
        // Close displays
        vector<monitor_desc *>::iterator i, end = VideoMonitors.end();
        for (i = VideoMonitors.begin(); i != end; ++i)
                dynamic_cast<X11_monitor_desc *>(*i)->video_close();

#ifdef ENABLE_XF86_VIDMODE
        // Free video mode list
        if (x_video_modes) {
                XFree(x_video_modes);
                x_video_modes = NULL;
        }
#endif

#ifdef ENABLE_FBDEV_DGA
        // Close framebuffer device
        if (fbdev_fd >= 0) {
                close(fbdev_fd);
                fbdev_fd = -1;
        }
#endif

        // Free depth list
        if (avail_depths) {
                XFree(avail_depths);
                avail_depths = NULL;
        }
}


/*
 *  Close down full-screen mode (if bringing up error alerts is unsafe while in full-screen mode)
 */

void VideoQuitFullScreen(void)
{
        D(bug("VideoQuitFullScreen()\n"));
        quit_full_screen = true;
}


/*
 *  Mac VBL interrupt
 */

void VideoInterrupt(void)
{
        // Emergency quit requested? Then quit
        if (emerg_quit)
                QuitEmulator();

        // Temporarily give up frame buffer lock (this is the point where
        // we are suspended when the user presses Ctrl-Tab)
        UNLOCK_FRAME_BUFFER;
        LOCK_FRAME_BUFFER;
}


/*
 *  Set palette
 */

void X11_monitor_desc::set_palette(uint8 *pal, int num_in)
{
        const video_mode &mode = get_current_mode();

        LOCK_PALETTE;

        // Convert colors to XColor array
        int num_out = 256;
        bool stretch = false;
        if (IsDirectMode(mode)) {
                // If X is in 565 mode we have to stretch the gamma table from 32 to 64 entries
                num_out = vis->map_entries;
                stretch = true;
        }
        XColor *p = x_palette;
        for (int i=0; i<num_out; i++) {
                int c = (stretch ? (i * num_in) / num_out : i);
                p->red = pal[c*3 + 0] * 0x0101;
                p->green = pal[c*3 + 1] * 0x0101;
                p->blue = pal[c*3 + 2] * 0x0101;
                p++;
        }

#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
        // Recalculate pixel color expansion map
        if (!IsDirectMode(mode) && xdepth > 8) {
                for (int i=0; i<256; i++) {
                        int c = i & (num_in-1); // If there are less than 256 colors, we repeat the first entries (this makes color expansion easier)
                        ExpandMap[i] = map_rgb(pal[c*3+0], pal[c*3+1], pal[c*3+2]);
                }

                // We have to redraw everything because the interpretation of pixel values changed
                LOCK_VOSF;
                PFLAG_SET_ALL;
                UNLOCK_VOSF;
                memset(the_buffer_copy, 0, mode.bytes_per_row * mode.y);
        }
#endif

        // Tell redraw thread to change palette
        x_palette_changed = true;

        UNLOCK_PALETTE;
}


/*
 *  Switch video mode
 */

void X11_monitor_desc::switch_to_current_mode(void)
{
        // Close and reopen display
        video_close();
        video_open();

        if (drv == NULL) {
                ErrorAlert(STR_OPEN_WINDOW_ERR);
                QuitEmulator();
        }
}


/*
 *  Translate key event to Mac keycode, returns -1 if no keycode was found
 *  and -2 if the key was recognized as a hotkey
 */

static int kc_decode(KeySym ks, bool key_down)
{
        switch (ks) {
                case XK_A: case XK_a: return 0x00;
                case XK_B: case XK_b: return 0x0b;
                case XK_C: case XK_c: return 0x08;
                case XK_D: case XK_d: return 0x02;
                case XK_E: case XK_e: return 0x0e;
                case XK_F: case XK_f: return 0x03;
                case XK_G: case XK_g: return 0x05;
                case XK_H: case XK_h: return 0x04;
                case XK_I: case XK_i: return 0x22;
                case XK_J: case XK_j: return 0x26;
                case XK_K: case XK_k: return 0x28;
                case XK_L: case XK_l: return 0x25;
                case XK_M: case XK_m: return 0x2e;
                case XK_N: case XK_n: return 0x2d;
                case XK_O: case XK_o: return 0x1f;
                case XK_P: case XK_p: return 0x23;
                case XK_Q: case XK_q: return 0x0c;
                case XK_R: case XK_r: return 0x0f;
                case XK_S: case XK_s: return 0x01;
                case XK_T: case XK_t: return 0x11;
                case XK_U: case XK_u: return 0x20;
                case XK_V: case XK_v: return 0x09;
                case XK_W: case XK_w: return 0x0d;
                case XK_X: case XK_x: return 0x07;
                case XK_Y: case XK_y: return 0x10;
                case XK_Z: case XK_z: return 0x06;

                case XK_1: case XK_exclam: return 0x12;
                case XK_2: case XK_at: return 0x13;
                case XK_3: case XK_numbersign: return 0x14;
                case XK_4: case XK_dollar: return 0x15;
                case XK_5: case XK_percent: return 0x17;
                case XK_6: return 0x16;
                case XK_7: return 0x1a;
                case XK_8: return 0x1c;
                case XK_9: return 0x19;
                case XK_0: return 0x1d;

                case XK_grave: case XK_asciitilde: return 0x0a;
                case XK_minus: case XK_underscore: return 0x1b;
                case XK_equal: case XK_plus: return 0x18;
                case XK_bracketleft: case XK_braceleft: return 0x21;
                case XK_bracketright: case XK_braceright: return 0x1e;
                case XK_backslash: case XK_bar: return 0x2a;
                case XK_semicolon: case XK_colon: return 0x29;
                case XK_apostrophe: case XK_quotedbl: return 0x27;
                case XK_comma: case XK_less: return 0x2b;
                case XK_period: case XK_greater: return 0x2f;
                case XK_slash: case XK_question: return 0x2c;

                case XK_Tab: if (ctrl_down) {if (key_down) drv->suspend(); return -2;} else return 0x30;
                case XK_Return: return 0x24;
                case XK_space: return 0x31;
                case XK_BackSpace: return 0x33;

                case XK_Delete: return 0x75;
                case XK_Insert: return 0x72;
                case XK_Home: case XK_Help: return 0x73;
                case XK_End: return 0x77;
#ifdef __hpux
                case XK_Prior: return 0x74;
                case XK_Next: return 0x79;
#else
                case XK_Page_Up: return 0x74;
                case XK_Page_Down: return 0x79;
#endif

                case XK_Control_L: return 0x36;
                case XK_Control_R: return 0x36;
                case XK_Shift_L: return 0x38;
                case XK_Shift_R: return 0x38;
                case XK_Alt_L: return 0x37;
                case XK_Alt_R: return 0x37;
                case XK_Meta_L: return 0x3a;
                case XK_Meta_R: return 0x3a;
                case XK_Menu: return 0x32;
                case XK_Caps_Lock: return 0x39;
                case XK_Num_Lock: return 0x47;

                case XK_Up: return 0x3e;
                case XK_Down: return 0x3d;
                case XK_Left: return 0x3b;
                case XK_Right: return 0x3c;

                case XK_Escape: if (ctrl_down) {if (key_down) { quit_full_screen = true; emerg_quit = true; } return -2;} else return 0x35;

                case XK_F1: if (ctrl_down) {if (key_down) SysMountFirstFloppy(); return -2;} else return 0x7a;
                case XK_F2: return 0x78;
                case XK_F3: return 0x63;
                case XK_F4: return 0x76;
                case XK_F5: if (ctrl_down) {if (key_down) drv->toggle_mouse_grab(); return -2;} else return 0x60;
                case XK_F6: return 0x61;
                case XK_F7: return 0x62;
                case XK_F8: return 0x64;
                case XK_F9: return 0x65;
                case XK_F10: return 0x6d;
                case XK_F11: return 0x67;
                case XK_F12: return 0x6f;

                case XK_Print: return 0x69;
                case XK_Scroll_Lock: return 0x6b;
                case XK_Pause: return 0x71;

#if defined(XK_KP_Prior) && defined(XK_KP_Left) && defined(XK_KP_Insert) && defined (XK_KP_End)
                case XK_KP_0: case XK_KP_Insert: return 0x52;
                case XK_KP_1: case XK_KP_End: return 0x53;
                case XK_KP_2: case XK_KP_Down: return 0x54;
                case XK_KP_3: case XK_KP_Next: return 0x55;
                case XK_KP_4: case XK_KP_Left: return 0x56;
                case XK_KP_5: case XK_KP_Begin: return 0x57;
                case XK_KP_6: case XK_KP_Right: return 0x58;
                case XK_KP_7: case XK_KP_Home: return 0x59;
                case XK_KP_8: case XK_KP_Up: return 0x5b;
                case XK_KP_9: case XK_KP_Prior: return 0x5c;
                case XK_KP_Decimal: case XK_KP_Delete: return 0x41;
#else
                case XK_KP_0: return 0x52;
                case XK_KP_1: return 0x53;
                case XK_KP_2: return 0x54;
                case XK_KP_3: return 0x55;
                case XK_KP_4: return 0x56;
                case XK_KP_5: return 0x57;
                case XK_KP_6: return 0x58;
                case XK_KP_7: return 0x59;
                case XK_KP_8: return 0x5b;
                case XK_KP_9: return 0x5c;
                case XK_KP_Decimal: return 0x41;
#endif
                case XK_KP_Add: return 0x45;
                case XK_KP_Subtract: return 0x4e;
                case XK_KP_Multiply: return 0x43;
                case XK_KP_Divide: return 0x4b;
                case XK_KP_Enter: return 0x4c;
                case XK_KP_Equal: return 0x51;
        }
        return -1;
}

static int event2keycode(XKeyEvent &ev, bool key_down)
{
        KeySym ks;
        int i = 0;

        do {
                ks = XLookupKeysym(&ev, i++);
                int as = kc_decode(ks, key_down);
                if (as >= 0)
                        return as;
                if (as == -2)
                        return as;
        } while (ks != NoSymbol);

        return -1;
}


/*
 *  X event handling
 */

static void handle_events(void)
{
        while (XPending(x_display)) {
                XEvent event;
                XNextEvent(x_display, &event);

                switch (event.type) {

                        // Mouse button
                        case ButtonPress: {
                                unsigned int button = event.xbutton.button;
                                if (button < 4)
                                        ADBMouseDown(button - 1);
                                else if (button < 6) {  // Wheel mouse
                                        if (mouse_wheel_mode == 0) {
                                                int key = (button == 5) ? 0x79 : 0x74;  // Page up/down
                                                ADBKeyDown(key);
                                                ADBKeyUp(key);
                                        } else {
                                                int key = (button == 5) ? 0x3d : 0x3e;  // Cursor up/down
                                                for(int i=0; i<mouse_wheel_lines; i++) {
                                                        ADBKeyDown(key);
                                                        ADBKeyUp(key);
                                                }
                                        }
                                }
                                break;
                        }
                        case ButtonRelease: {
                                unsigned int button = event.xbutton.button;
                                if (button < 4)
                                        ADBMouseUp(button - 1);
                                break;
                        }

                        // Mouse moved
                        case MotionNotify:
                                drv->mouse_moved(event.xmotion.x, event.xmotion.y);
                                break;

                        // Mouse entered window
                        case EnterNotify:
                                if (event.xcrossing.mode != NotifyGrab && event.xcrossing.mode != NotifyUngrab)
                                        drv->mouse_moved(event.xmotion.x, event.xmotion.y);
                                break;

                        // Keyboard
                        case KeyPress: {
                                int code = -1;
                                if (use_keycodes) {
                                        if (event2keycode(event.xkey, true) != -2)      // This is called to process the hotkeys
                                                code = keycode_table[event.xkey.keycode & 0xff];
                                } else
                                        code = event2keycode(event.xkey, true);
                                if (code >= 0) {
                                        if (!emul_suspended) {
                                                if (code == 0x39) {     // Caps Lock pressed
                                                        if (caps_on) {
                                                                ADBKeyUp(code);
                                                                caps_on = false;
                                                        } else {
                                                                ADBKeyDown(code);
                                                                caps_on = true;
                                                        }
                                                } else
                                                        ADBKeyDown(code);
                                                if (code == 0x36)
                                                        ctrl_down = true;
                                        } else {
                                                if (code == 0x31)
                                                        drv->resume();  // Space wakes us up
                                        }
                                }
                                break;
                        }
                        case KeyRelease: {
                                int code = -1;
                                if (use_keycodes) {
                                        if (event2keycode(event.xkey, false) != -2)     // This is called to process the hotkeys
                                                code = keycode_table[event.xkey.keycode & 0xff];
                                } else
                                        code = event2keycode(event.xkey, false);
                                if (code >= 0 && code != 0x39) {        // Don't propagate Caps Lock releases
                                        ADBKeyUp(code);
                                        if (code == 0x36)
                                                ctrl_down = false;
                                }
                                break;
                        }

                        // Hidden parts exposed, force complete refresh of window
                        case Expose:
                                if (display_type == DISPLAY_WINDOW) {
                                        const video_mode &mode = VideoMonitors[0]->get_current_mode();
#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
                                        if (use_vosf) {                 // VOSF refresh
                                                LOCK_VOSF;
                                                PFLAG_SET_ALL;
                                                UNLOCK_VOSF;
                                                memset(the_buffer_copy, 0, mode.bytes_per_row * mode.y);
                                        }
                                        else
#endif
                                        if (frame_skip == 0) {  // Dynamic refresh
                                                int x1, y1;
                                                for (y1=0; y1<16; y1++)
                                                for (x1=0; x1<16; x1++)
                                                        updt_box[x1][y1] = true;
                                                nr_boxes = 16 * 16;
                                        } else                                  // Static refresh
                                                memset(the_buffer_copy, 0, mode.bytes_per_row * mode.y);
                                }
                                break;

                        // Window "close" widget clicked
                        case ClientMessage:
                                if (event.xclient.format == 32 && event.xclient.data.l[0] == WM_DELETE_WINDOW) {
                                        ADBKeyDown(0x7f);       // Power key
                                        ADBKeyUp(0x7f);
                                }
                                break;
                }
        }
}


/*
 *  Window display update
 */

// Dynamic display update (variable frame rate for each box)
static void update_display_dynamic(int ticker, driver_window *drv)
{
        int y1, y2, y2s, y2a, i, x1, xm, xmo, ymo, yo, yi, yil, xi;
        int xil = 0;
        int rxm = 0, rxmo = 0;
        const video_mode &mode = drv->monitor.get_current_mode();
        int bytes_per_row = mode.bytes_per_row;
        int bytes_per_pixel = mode.bytes_per_row / mode.x;
        int rx = mode.bytes_per_row / 16;
        int ry = mode.y / 16;
        int max_box;

        y2s = sm_uptd[ticker % 8];
        y2a = 8;
        for (i = 0; i < 6; i++)
                if (ticker % (2 << i))
                        break;
        max_box = sm_no_boxes[i];

        if (y2a) {
                for (y1=0; y1<16; y1++) {
                        for (y2=y2s; y2 < ry; y2 += y2a) {
                                i = ((y1 * ry) + y2) * bytes_per_row; 
                                for (x1=0; x1<16; x1++, i += rx) {
                                        if (updt_box[x1][y1] == false) {
                                                if (memcmp(&the_buffer_copy[i], &the_buffer[i], rx)) {
                                                        updt_box[x1][y1] = true;
                                                        nr_boxes++;
                                                }
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                }
        }

        if ((nr_boxes <= max_box) && (nr_boxes)) {
                for (y1=0; y1<16; y1++) {
                        for (x1=0; x1<16; x1++) {
                                if (updt_box[x1][y1] == true) {
                                        if (rxm == 0)
                                                xm = x1;
                                        rxm += rx; 
                                        updt_box[x1][y1] = false;
                                }
                                if (((updt_box[x1+1][y1] == false) || (x1 == 15)) && (rxm)) {
                                        if ((rxmo != rxm) || (xmo != xm) || (yo != y1 - 1)) {
                                                if (rxmo) {
                                                        xi = xmo * rx;
                                                        yi = ymo * ry;
                                                        xil = rxmo;
                                                        yil = (yo - ymo +1) * ry;
                                                }
                                                rxmo = rxm;
                                                xmo = xm;
                                                ymo = y1;
                                        }
                                        rxm = 0;
                                        yo = y1;
                                }       
                                if (xil) {
                                        i = (yi * bytes_per_row) + xi;
                                        for (y2=0; y2 < yil; y2++, i += bytes_per_row)
                                                memcpy(&the_buffer_copy[i], &the_buffer[i], xil);
                                        if (mode.depth == VDEPTH_1BIT) {
                                                if (drv->have_shm)
                                                        XShmPutImage(x_display, drv->w, drv->gc, drv->img, xi * 8, yi, xi * 8, yi, xil * 8, yil, 0);
                                                else
                                                        XPutImage(x_display, drv->w, drv->gc, drv->img, xi * 8, yi, xi * 8, yi, xil * 8, yil);
                                        } else {
                                                if (drv->have_shm)
                                                        XShmPutImage(x_display, drv->w, drv->gc, drv->img, xi / bytes_per_pixel, yi, xi / bytes_per_pixel, yi, xil / bytes_per_pixel, yil, 0);
                                                else
                                                        XPutImage(x_display, drv->w, drv->gc, drv->img, xi / bytes_per_pixel, yi, xi / bytes_per_pixel, yi, xil / bytes_per_pixel, yil);
                                        }
                                        xil = 0;
                                }
                                if ((x1 == 15) && (y1 == 15) && (rxmo)) {
                                        x1--;
                                        xi = xmo * rx;
                                        yi = ymo * ry;
                                        xil = rxmo;
                                        yil = (yo - ymo +1) * ry;
                                        rxmo = 0;
                                }
                        }
                }
                nr_boxes = 0;
        }
}

// Static display update (fixed frame rate, but incremental)
static void update_display_static(driver_window *drv)
{
        // Incremental update code
        unsigned wide = 0, high = 0, x1, x2, y1, y2, i, j;
        const video_mode &mode = drv->monitor.get_current_mode();
        int bytes_per_row = mode.bytes_per_row;
        int bytes_per_pixel = mode.bytes_per_row / mode.x;
        uint8 *p, *p2;

        // Check for first line from top and first line from bottom that have changed
        y1 = 0;
        for (j=0; j<mode.y; j++) {
                if (memcmp(&the_buffer[j * bytes_per_row], &the_buffer_copy[j * bytes_per_row], bytes_per_row)) {
                        y1 = j;
                        break;
                }
        }
        y2 = y1 - 1;
        for (j=mode.y-1; j>=y1; j--) {
                if (memcmp(&the_buffer[j * bytes_per_row], &the_buffer_copy[j * bytes_per_row], bytes_per_row)) {
                        y2 = j;
                        break;
                }
        }
        high = y2 - y1 + 1;

        // Check for first column from left and first column from right that have changed
        if (high) {
                if (mode.depth == VDEPTH_1BIT) {
                        x1 = mode.x - 1;
                        for (j=y1; j<=y2; j++) {
                                p = &the_buffer[j * bytes_per_row];
                                p2 = &the_buffer_copy[j * bytes_per_row];
                                for (i=0; i<(x1>>3); i++) {
                                        if (*p != *p2) {
                                                x1 = i << 3;
                                                break;
                                        }
                                        p++; p2++;
                                }
                        }
                        x2 = x1;
                        for (j=y1; j<=y2; j++) {
                                p = &the_buffer[j * bytes_per_row];
                                p2 = &the_buffer_copy[j * bytes_per_row];
                                p += bytes_per_row;
                                p2 += bytes_per_row;
                                for (i=(mode.x>>3); i>(x2>>3); i--) {
                                        p--; p2--;
                                        if (*p != *p2) {
                                                x2 = (i << 3) + 7;
                                                break;
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                        wide = x2 - x1 + 1;

                        // Update copy of the_buffer
                        if (high && wide) {
                                for (j=y1; j<=y2; j++) {
                                        i = j * bytes_per_row + (x1 >> 3);
                                        memcpy(the_buffer_copy + i, the_buffer + i, wide >> 3);
                                }
                        }

                } else {
                        x1 = mode.x;
                        for (j=y1; j<=y2; j++) {
                                p = &the_buffer[j * bytes_per_row];
                                p2 = &the_buffer_copy[j * bytes_per_row];
                                for (i=0; i<x1*bytes_per_pixel; i++) {
                                        if (*p != *p2) {
                                                x1 = i / bytes_per_pixel;
                                                break;
                                        }
                                        p++; p2++;
                                }
                        }
                        x2 = x1;
                        for (j=y1; j<=y2; j++) {
                                p = &the_buffer[j * bytes_per_row];
                                p2 = &the_buffer_copy[j * bytes_per_row];
                                p += bytes_per_row;
                                p2 += bytes_per_row;
                                for (i=mode.x*bytes_per_pixel; i>x2*bytes_per_pixel; i--) {
                                        p--;
                                        p2--;
                                        if (*p != *p2) {
                                                x2 = i / bytes_per_pixel;
                                                break;
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                        wide = x2 - x1;

                        // Update copy of the_buffer
                        if (high && wide) {
                                for (j=y1; j<=y2; j++) {
                                        i = j * bytes_per_row + x1 * bytes_per_pixel;
                                        memcpy(the_buffer_copy + i, the_buffer + i, bytes_per_pixel * wide);
                                }
                        }
                }
        }

        // Refresh display
        if (high && wide) {
                if (drv->have_shm)
                        XShmPutImage(x_display, drv->w, drv->gc, drv->img, x1, y1, x1, y1, wide, high, 0);
                else
                        XPutImage(x_display, drv->w, drv->gc, drv->img, x1, y1, x1, y1, wide, high);
        }
}


/*
 *      Screen refresh functions
 */

// We suggest the compiler to inline the next two functions so that it
// may specialise the code according to the current screen depth and
// display type. A clever compiler would do that job by itself though...

// NOTE: update_display_vosf is inlined too

static inline void possibly_quit_dga_mode()
{
        // Quit DGA mode if requested (something terrible has happened and we
        // want to give control back to the user)
        if (quit_full_screen) {
                quit_full_screen = false;
                delete drv;
                drv = NULL;
        }
}

static inline void possibly_ungrab_mouse()
{
        // Ungrab mouse if requested (something terrible has happened and we
        // want to give control back to the user)
        if (quit_full_screen) {
                quit_full_screen = false;
                if (drv)
                        drv->ungrab_mouse();
        }
}

static inline void handle_palette_changes(void)
{
        LOCK_PALETTE;

        if (x_palette_changed) {
                x_palette_changed = false;
                drv->update_palette();
        }

        UNLOCK_PALETTE;
}

static void video_refresh_dga(void)
{
        // Quit DGA mode if requested
        possibly_quit_dga_mode();
}

#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
#if REAL_ADDRESSING || DIRECT_ADDRESSING
static void video_refresh_dga_vosf(void)
{
        // Quit DGA mode if requested
        possibly_quit_dga_mode();
        
        // Update display (VOSF variant)
        static int tick_counter = 0;
        if (++tick_counter >= frame_skip) {
                tick_counter = 0;
                if (mainBuffer.dirty) {
                        LOCK_VOSF;
                        update_display_dga_vosf();
                        UNLOCK_VOSF;
                }
        }
}
#endif

static void video_refresh_window_vosf(void)
{
        // Ungrab mouse if requested
        possibly_ungrab_mouse();
        
        // Update display (VOSF variant)
        static int tick_counter = 0;
        if (++tick_counter >= frame_skip) {
                tick_counter = 0;
                if (mainBuffer.dirty) {
                        LOCK_VOSF;
                        update_display_window_vosf(static_cast<driver_window *>(drv));
                        UNLOCK_VOSF;
                        XSync(x_display, false); // Let the server catch up
                }
        }
}
#endif // def ENABLE_VOSF

static void video_refresh_window_static(void)
{
        // Ungrab mouse if requested
        possibly_ungrab_mouse();

        // Update display (static variant)
        static int tick_counter = 0;
        if (++tick_counter >= frame_skip) {
                tick_counter = 0;
                update_display_static(static_cast<driver_window *>(drv));
        }
}

static void video_refresh_window_dynamic(void)
{
        // Ungrab mouse if requested
        possibly_ungrab_mouse();

        // Update display (dynamic variant)
        static int tick_counter = 0;
        tick_counter++;
        update_display_dynamic(tick_counter, static_cast<driver_window *>(drv));
}


/*
 *  Thread for screen refresh, input handling etc.
 */

static void VideoRefreshInit(void)
{
        // TODO: set up specialised 8bpp VideoRefresh handlers ?
        if (display_type == DISPLAY_DGA) {
#if ENABLE_VOSF && (REAL_ADDRESSING || DIRECT_ADDRESSING)
                if (use_vosf)
                        video_refresh = video_refresh_dga_vosf;
                else
#endif
                        video_refresh = video_refresh_dga;
        }
        else {
#ifdef ENABLE_VOSF
                if (use_vosf)
                        video_refresh = video_refresh_window_vosf;
                else
#endif
                if (frame_skip == 0)
                        video_refresh = video_refresh_window_dynamic;
                else
                        video_refresh = video_refresh_window_static;
        }
}

// This function is called on non-threaded platforms from a timer interrupt
void VideoRefresh(void)
{
        // We need to check redraw_thread_active to inhibit refreshed during
        // mode changes on non-threaded platforms
        if (!redraw_thread_active)
                return;

        // Handle X events
        handle_events();

        // Handle palette changes
        handle_palette_changes();

        // Update display
        video_refresh();
}

const int VIDEO_REFRESH_HZ = 60;
const int VIDEO_REFRESH_DELAY = 1000000 / VIDEO_REFRESH_HZ;

#ifdef HAVE_PTHREADS
static void *redraw_func(void *arg)
{
        int fd = ConnectionNumber(x_display);

        uint64 start = GetTicks_usec();
        int64 ticks = 0;
        uint64 next = GetTicks_usec() + VIDEO_REFRESH_DELAY;

        while (!redraw_thread_cancel) {

                int64 delay = next - GetTicks_usec();
                if (delay < -VIDEO_REFRESH_DELAY) {

                        // We are lagging far behind, so we reset the delay mechanism
                        next = GetTicks_usec();

                } else if (delay <= 0) {

                        // Delay expired, refresh display
                        handle_events();
                        handle_palette_changes();
                        video_refresh();
                        next += VIDEO_REFRESH_DELAY;
                        ticks++;

                } else {

                        // No display refresh pending, check for X events
                        fd_set readfds;
                        FD_ZERO(&readfds);
                        FD_SET(fd, &readfds);
                        struct timeval timeout;
                        timeout.tv_sec = 0;
                        timeout.tv_usec = delay;
                        if (select(fd+1, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout) > 0)
                                handle_events();
                }
        }

        uint64 end = GetTicks_usec();
        D(bug("%Ld refreshes in %Ld usec = %f refreshes/sec\n", ticks, end - start, ticks * 1000000.0 / (end - start)));
        return NULL;
}
#endif
Revision:	1.70
Committed:	2004-01-12T15:29:25Z (20 years, 10 months ago) by cebix
Branch:	MAIN
CVS Tags:	nigel-build-16, nigel-build-15
Changes since 1.69:	+1 -1 lines
Log Message:	Happy New Year! :)